Novel pulsed aluminum batteries (PAlBs), including power output regulated systems, have been developed. PAlBs comprise an aluminum anode, a cathode, and a complex electrolyte containing bases, facilitating and stabilizing agents, and may contain internal oxidizers. The aluminum anode comprises technical grade or recycled aluminum. The cathode may comprise copper, nickel, or platinum. Bases may comprise sodium or potassium hydroxide. Facilitating and stabilizing agents may comprise sodium and lithium chlorides or sulfates. Internal oxidizers may comprise sodium hypochlorite. Frequency of electric pulses in novel PAlBs can be controlled by electric or chemical means. PAlBs can be used as components of backup power systems, in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and in autonomous self-powered electrochemical computing systems and sensors.

A separator for a bobbin-style electrochemical cell is inserted into an interior opening within a ring-shaped cathode in an electrochemical cell can. An expansion force is then applied to an interior surface of the separator to press the separator against the interior walls of the cathode. A tool may then remove various creases and/or wrinkles in the separator and/or may then heat seal at least a portion of the tubular walls of the separator to minimize the void space between the separator and active material (e.g., cathode and/or anode) within the electrochemical cell.

A zinc-air battery cell assembly comprising: a cathode can that includes: a planar base, and an elongated cathode sidewall that extends to a terminal cathode sidewall end, and an anode can that includes: a planar top end, and an elongated anode sidewall that extends to a terminal anode sidewall end, the anode can disposed nested within the cathode can with the elongated anode sidewall disposed parallel and adjacent to the elongated cathode sidewall. The zinc-air battery assembly further includes a cavity defined by the cathode can and the anode can disposed nested within the cathode can, and a grommet that provides a seal between the cathode can and the anode can while also keeping the anode can and the cathode can separate.

The invention is directed towards a cathode. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material and at least one cathode additive. The at least one cathode additive includes a head group and at least one hydrocarbon tail group. The head group includes at least one p-element atom that is bonded to a second p-element atom. The at least one p-element atom has an electronegativity and the second p-element atom has an electronegativity. The electronegativity of the at least one p-element atom is different from the electronegativity of the second p-element atom.

To counteract the potentially destructive effects of temperature increases in primary batteries during short circuit conditions, a current interrupt may be positioned within an anode conductive path. The current interrupt may comprise a thermoplastic substrate having a low glass transition temperature, and having a conductive coating thereon to form a portion of the anode conductive path. During a short circuit, the temperature within the battery increases above the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic substrate, thereby causing the current interrupt to deform, thereby degrading the portion of the anode conductive path defined by the current interrupt, decreasing the amount of current flowing through the anode conductive path, and effectively limiting the temperature increase within the battery interior.

A nozzle is provided for providing anode material into an electrochemical cell and method of using the same. The nozzle comprises a hollow tubular body extending between an open upper end and an open lower end; a lower deflector spaced apart from the open lower end of the hollow tubular body and forming an annular opening between a deflection surface of the lower deflector and the open lower end of the hollow tubular body; and a support rod connecting the lower deflector with the hollow tubular body, wherein the support rod is suspended within an interior of the hollow tubular body by one or more support trusses.

The present technology provides a battery that includes an air cathode, an anode, an aqueous electrolyte that includes an amphoteric surfactant, and a housing that includes one or more air access ports defining a total area of void space (“vent area”), where (1) the battery is a size 13 metal-air battery and the total vent area defined by all of the air access ports is from about 0.050 mm.sup.2 to about 0.115 mm.sup.2; or (2) the battery is a size 312 metal-air battery and the total vent area defined by all of the air access ports is from about 0.03 mm.sup.2 to about 0.08 mm.sup.2.

A seawater battery cell may include: a seawater battery module having an anode and a cathode; a watertight structure coupled to the seawater battery module, the watertight structure being configured to tightly seal the anode and the cathode from seawater; a first watertight connector portion electrically connected to any one of the anode and the cathode; and a second watertight connector portion electrically connected to remaining one of the anode and the cathode and coupled to a first watertight connector portion of an adjacent seawater battery cell. As a result, the seawater battery cell, which can be fully submerged under seawater, can be applied to various fields.

The disclosure relates to a self-charging device for energy harvesting and storage. The self-charging device for energy harvesting and storage includes a first electrode, a second electrode spaced from the first electrode, a solid electrolyte bridging the first electrode and the second electrode, and a water absorbing structure. The water absorbing structure is located on the second electrode, absorbs water from external environment and transmits the absorbed water to the solid electrolyte.

The operation of the ionic electric power station is based on the stable corrosion of a plurality of sacrificial anodes immersed in sea water or water with common salt inside a cell, without membranes to separate the cathodic zone from the anodic zone, kinetic conditions being generated inside the cell by the circulation of water moved by a pump in a closed circuit between the cells and a reservoir.