Systems and methods for operating a redox flow battery system may include switching the redox flow battery system to an idle mode, wherein the idle mode includes operation of the redox flow battery system outside of a charging mode and outside of a discharge mode; in response to switching to the idle mode, repeatedly cycling operation of an electrolyte pump between an idling threshold flow rate less than a charging threshold flow rate and a deactivation threshold flow rate; and in response to switching to the charging mode, maintaining operation of the electrolyte pump at the charging threshold flow rate greater than the idling threshold flow rate. In this way, a responsiveness of the redox flow battery system to charging and discharging commands can be maintained while in idle, while reducing parasitic pumping losses due to pumping and heating, and reducing shunt current losses.

The present invention relates to a fuel cell with a gap for transport flow of an electrolyte containing charge carrying ions from either a fuel or an oxidizer between anode and a cathode.

The present invention relates to a fuel cell with a gap for transport flow of an electrolyte containing charge carrying ions from either a fuel or an oxidizer between anode and a cathode.

The invention relates to a stack of several electrochemical cells stacked on top of one another in a stacking direction. The stack comprises at least: a first electrochemical cell, a second electrochemical cell, and an intercalary plate. Each cell includes an upper frame housing a first electrode and a lower frame housing a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being separated from one another by a membrane. The second electrode of the first electrochemical cell and the first electrode of the second electrochemical cell are separated by an intercalary plate. The stack includes an intercalary frame arranged on the periphery of the intercalary plate.

The invention relates to a stack of several electrochemical cells stacked on top of one another in a stacking direction. The stack comprises at least: a first electrochemical cell, a second electrochemical cell, and an intercalary plate. Each cell includes an upper frame housing a first electrode and a lower frame housing a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being separated from one another by a membrane. The second electrode of the first electrochemical cell and the first electrode of the second electrochemical cell are separated by an intercalary plate. The stack includes an intercalary frame arranged on the periphery of the intercalary plate.

A series of cells for use in an electrochemical device, such as an electrochemical cell or battery, that can operate in a single bulk electrolyte solution shared among the cells. Methods of producing hydrogen or both hydrogen and electricity in appreciable quantifies and in various ratios, and vehicles or other devices and applications powered by electrochemical devices comprising the series.

A series of cells for use in an electrochemical device, such as an electrochemical cell or battery, that can operate in a single bulk electrolyte solution shared among the cells. Methods of producing hydrogen or both hydrogen and electricity in appreciable quantifies and in various ratios, and vehicles or other devices and applications powered by electrochemical devices comprising the series.

Redox flow battery includes cell frame 20 including frame body 21 and bipolar plate 23, frame body 21 having rectangular opening 22 divided into a plurality of small openings 22a-22c along first direction X parallel to a longitudinal direction of opening 22, bipolar plate 23 divided into a plurality of regions 23a-23c, each of regions 23a-23c disposed within each of small openings 22a-22c to form a plurality of recesses, and electrode 11 divided into a plurality of regions 11a-11c, each of regions 11a-11c received in each of the recesses, wherein each of small openings 22a-22c has a rectangular shape whose longitudinal direction is parallel to first direction X.

Cell frame 20 includes: frame body 21 having an opening 22, frame body 21 including through-hole 31 for passage of a fluid containing an active material, through-hole 31 penetrating from one surface of frame body 21 to the other surface thereof around opening 22, and groove-like slit 35 formed in one surface or the other surface and connecting through-hole 31 and opening 22; and rotor 40 made of an insulating material, rotor 40 received in slit 35 and forced to rotate by the flow of the fluid through slit 35 between through-hole 31 and opening 22.

Various designs and configurations of and methods of operating fuel cell units, fuel cell systems and combined heat and power systems are provided that permit efficient thermal management of such units and systems to improve their operation.