A metal-air battery includes: a cathode formed of a co-continuous body having a three dimensional network structure formed by an integrated plurality of nanostructures having branches; a foil- or plate-like anode formed of a metal; a separator that absorbs a liquid, which is to be an electrolytic solution; and a foil- or plate-like current collector formed of a metal. The metal-air battery is formed with a wound structure in which the current collector, the cathode, the separator, the anode, and the separator are superimposed and wound in this order.

An electrode structure for a positive electrode of a metal-air battery is provided. The electrode structure for a positive electrode of a metal-air battery is formed of a compound of copper, phosphorus, and sulfur and it can comprise a membrane in which a plurality of fibrillated fibers form a network.

An electrode structure for a positive electrode of a metal-air battery is provided. The electrode structure for a positive electrode of a metal-air battery is formed of a compound of copper, phosphorus, and sulfur and it can comprise a membrane in which a plurality of fibrillated fibers form a network.

A zinc-air charger having a case defining a plurality of pass core vents, and an internal case cavity; a plurality of zinc-air cells that are electrically coupled and disposed within the internal case cavity; a coupling plug configured to couple with and provide electrical power generated by the plurality of zinc-air cells to a device that is separate from the zinc-air charger; and a system configured to: output electrical power generated by the plurality of zinc-air cells to the device; identify a state of the plurality of zinc-air cells, determine, based at least in part on the identified state of the plurality of zinc-air cells, that one or more of the plurality of zinc-air cells are air-starved, and in response to determining that the one or more of the plurality of zinc-air cells are air-starved, generate a power cut-off for a period of time that ceases electrical power output to the device.

A zinc-air charger having a case defining a plurality of pass core vents, and an internal case cavity; a plurality of zinc-air cells that are electrically coupled and disposed within the internal case cavity; a coupling plug configured to couple with and provide electrical power generated by the plurality of zinc-air cells to a device that is separate from the zinc-air charger; and a system configured to: output electrical power generated by the plurality of zinc-air cells to the device; identify a state of the plurality of zinc-air cells, determine, based at least in part on the identified state of the plurality of zinc-air cells, that one or more of the plurality of zinc-air cells are air-starved, and in response to determining that the one or more of the plurality of zinc-air cells are air-starved, generate a power cut-off for a period of time that ceases electrical power output to the device.

There is provided an air battery including a first housings accommodating a base cell including a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a separator disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and a second housing containing an electrolyte solution or water, in which the first housing and the negative electrode each have a hole leading to the separator, the second housing has a hole that is capable of being sealed, and the first housing and the second housing are disposed to face the hole of the first housing and the hole of the second housing each other.

There is provided an air battery including a first housings accommodating a base cell including a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a separator disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and a second housing containing an electrolyte solution or water, in which the first housing and the negative electrode each have a hole leading to the separator, the second housing has a hole that is capable of being sealed, and the first housing and the second housing are disposed to face the hole of the first housing and the hole of the second housing each other.

A metal air battery apparatus includes: a metal air cell including a cathode layer including pores, an anode layer facing the cathode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer between the cathode layer and the anode layer; and a controller configured to control at least one of a charge rate or a discharge rate of the metal air cell based on a porosity of the cathode layer.

A metal air battery apparatus includes: a metal air cell including a cathode layer including pores, an anode layer facing the cathode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer between the cathode layer and the anode layer; and a controller configured to control at least one of a charge rate or a discharge rate of the metal air cell based on a porosity of the cathode layer.

Methods and systems for the electrochemical conversion of halogenated compounds are provided. In some embodiments, a method comprises converting a halogenated compound (e.g., fluorinated gas) to relatively non-hazardous products via one or more electrochemical reactions. The electrochemical reaction(s) may occur under relatively mild conditions (e.g., low temperature) and/or without the aid of a catalyst. In some embodiments, the electrochemical reaction may produce a relatively large amount of energy. In some such cases, systems, described herein, may be designed to facilitate the conversion of the halogenated compound (e.g., SF6, NF3) while harnessing (e.g., storing, converting) the energy associated with the electrochemical reaction. System and methods described herein may be used in a wide variety of applications, including waste management (e.g., environmental remediation, greenhouse gas mitigation), energy recovery (e.g., industrial energy recovery), and primary batteries (e.g., metal-gas batteries).