The present application provides a secondary battery including a first terminal component, a second terminal component, a cap plate, an electrode component and a resistance element. One of the first and second terminal components is electrically connected to the cap plate through the resistance element, while the other is insulated from the cap plate. The first terminal component includes a connecting plate and a turnable plate, and the connecting plate is attached to the turnable plate. When the secondary battery is in a normal state, a first electrode plate is electrically connected to the connecting plate through the turnable plate, and the second electrode plate is electrically connected to the second terminal component. When a pressure inside the secondary battery exceeds a reference pressure, the turnable plate can turn over to cut off an electrical connection between the turnable plate and the first electrode plate.

The hybrid battery system includes a primary battery pack, a secondary battery pack, a battery control unit, a battery pack positive terminal, and a battery pack negative terminal. The battery control unit includes a management module and a variable resistor. The primary battery pack supplies power at lower temperatures, while the secondary battery pack supplies power at higher temperatures. The primary battery pack is unsafe at higher temperatures, and the primary cells within the primary battery pack are modified to mitigate the dangers that previously rendered the primary battery pack unusable in a hybrid battery pack at higher temperatures. The invention includes the method of safely operating the hybrid battery system with the modified primary battery cells of the primary battery pack.

This disclosure generally relates to one or more safety mechanisms of a rechargeable battery for light electric vehicles. The rechargeable battery may include a housing containing a battery management system and at least one battery cell, and a communication system communicatively coupled to the battery management system, where the communication system wirelessly communicates information received from the battery management system to a device external to the rechargeable battery. The rechargeable battery may include a housing formed of a first clamshell member and a second clamshell member. The rechargeable battery may include a first protrusion portion extending from an interior surface of the first clamshell member and a second protrusion portion extending from the interior surface of the second clamshell member toward the first protrusion portion such that the first and second protrusion portions physically contact one another when a force is applied to an external surface of the housing.

A battery monitoring circuit measures individual battery cell voltages and temperatures of a plurality of series-connected battery cells utilizing an Analog Front End, a controller that collects and analyzes the data digitally transferred to it by the Analog Front End, and a Fuel Gauge configured to measure a single battery cell.

The hybrid battery system includes a primary battery pack, a secondary battery pack, a battery control unit, a battery pack positive terminal, and a battery pack negative terminal. The battery control unit includes a management module and a variable resistor. The primary battery pack supplies power at lower temperatures, while the secondary battery pack supplies power at higher temperatures. The primary battery pack is unsafe at higher temperatures, and the primary cells within the primary battery pack are modified to mitigate the dangers that previously rendered the primary battery pack unusable in a hybrid battery pack at higher temperatures. The invention includes the method of safely operating the hybrid battery system with the modified primary battery cells of the primary battery pack.

According to one embodiment, an electrode is provided. The electrode includes an active material-containing layer containing active material particles, ferroelectric particles, and solid electrolyte particles. A ratio (FE.sub.contact) of the number of the ferroelectric particles in contact with the active material particles relative to the number of the ferroelectric particles included in the active material-containing layer is 85% or more. A ratio (SE.sub.non-contact) of the number of the solid electrolyte particles not in contact with the active material particles relative to the number of the solid electrolyte particles included in the active material-containing layer is 30% or more.

A battery temperature control system for controlling a temperature of a battery of an electronic device, the battery temperature control system comprising: a heating component network comprising a heat-dissipating component; and a heating controller, wherein the heating controller is configured to: receive an indication of a temperature of the battery; and output a control signal to control operation of a heat dissipating component of the heating component network so as to dissipate heat to at least a portion of the battery.

A power supply system that is mountable on a vehicle includes a lithium-ion storage battery connected to an electrical load via two paths being a first path and a second path, a power generator capable of charging the lithium-ion storage battery, a first switch provided on the first path, an electrical resistance element provided on the second path, and a controller configured to control on/off of the power generator and perform on/off control of the first switch. According to a voltage increase request from the electrical load, the controller is configured to turn of the first switch such that a power supply to the lithium-ion storage battery through the first path from the power generator is cut.

A battery module system includes a cooling device, a battery module disposed on the cooling device, the battery module being in direct or indirect contact with the cooling device, a sensor attached to the battery module to sense a temperature of the battery module or gas generated from the battery module, a battery management system to output a switching on/off signal with reference to a sensing signal transmitted from the sensor; and an external short-circuiting device connected between the positive electrode and negative electrode of the battery module to induce an external short circuit of the battery module, the external short-circuiting device including: a resistor disposed on the cooling device, the resistor being in direct or indirect contact with the cooling device; and a switch to electrically connect or isolate the battery module to/from the resistor according to the switching on/off signal.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses associated with energy storage are provided. A circuit board can include a first contact patch to electrically couple with a first conductive layer of an integrated current collector of a battery block to connect with first polarity terminals of battery cells. The circuit board can include a second contact patch to electrically couple with a second conductive layer of the integrated current collector of the battery block to connect with second polarity terminals of battery cells. The circuit board can include a third contact patch to connect to a thermistor to measure a temperature of the battery block. The circuit board can include embedded conductive traces, and can include a connector to electrically couple the contact patches via the embedded conductive traces to a battery monitoring unit (BMU) to relay a signal indicative of a characteristic of a component of the battery block.