The invention discloses a high voltage rechargeable Zn—MnO.sub.2 battery. The structure of the Zn—MnO.sub.2 battery includes zinc electrode/alkaline electrolyte/ion exchange membrane/acid electrolyte/MnO.sub.2 electrode. The ion exchange membrane comprises a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane or a proton exchange membrane. According to the invention, by using a composite electrolyte system (alkaline electrolyte/ion exchange membrane/acid electrolyte), a high voltage rechargeable Zn—MnO.sub.2 battery is obtained. According to the invention, an open circuit voltage of up to 2.7V is obtained, greatly improving the discharge voltage, and at the same time increasing the discharge capacity and enabling cyclic charge and discharge. The invention is of great importance in science research, beneficial to society and economics.

A hydrogen storage alloy suitable for a negative electrode of an on-board alkaline storage battery, and an alkaline storage battery using the alloy, which has an AB.sub.3-type crystal structure as a main phase, represented by: (Sm.sub.xLa.sub.yR.sub.z).sub.1−a−bMg.sub.aT.sub.bNi.sub.cCo.sub.dMe. (R is selected from Pr, Nd; T is selected from Ti, Zr, Hf; M is selected from V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Cu, Al, Si, P, B; the following conditions are met: 0<x<1.0, 0<y<1.0, 0.8≤x+y≤1.0, x+y+z=1.0; 0.93≤(x−y).Math.(1−a−b)+4.5(a+b)≤1.62, 0<a≤0.45, 0≤b≤0.05, 0≤d≤0.7, 0≤e≤0.15, 2.85≤c+d+e≤3.15 and 0.01≤d+e).

A secondary battery according to an embodiment includes a container, an electrolytic solution, a cathode and an anode, and a flow mechanism. The container includes an opening on a bottom surface thereof. The electrolytic solution is disposed in the container. The cathode and the anode are disposed in the electrolytic solution. The flow mechanism includes a generation part that is connected to the container via the opening and generates a gas bubble(s) in the container through the opening, and that causes the electrolytic solution to flow. A protrusion part that is positioned at an edge part of the opening and extends in upward and downward directions is disposed on the bottom surface.

In some embodiments, a battery comprises an anode, a cathode, a separator disposed between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte in fluid communication with the anode, the cathode, and the separator. The anode can be a porous metallic zinc anode. The porous metallic zinc anode comprises pure zinc electrode, a substrate coated with zinc, a zinc substrate with a coating layer, or combinations thereof.

In one embodiment, a battery cell can include a cathode including at least one of MnO or Mn(OH)2. The battery can also include an anode including at least one of ZnO or Zn(OH)2 and an electrolyte. The battery cell can be a rechargeable battery cell with total capacity before first charge or discharge of less than 30% of total capacity of this battery in a fully charged state.

The invention relates to a starved metal hydride battery. The battery is characterized in that the battery further comprises adding of oxygen gas or hydrogen gas or hydrogen peroxide or a combination thereof in order to rebalance the electrodes and replenish the electrolyte by reactions with the electrode materials.

The present invention relates to a silicon-based particle-polymer composite, which includes silicon-based particles; and a polymer coating layer formed on the silicon-based particles, in which the polymer coating layer includes metal-substituted poly(acrylic acid) in which hydrogen atoms in carboxyl groups of the poly(acrylic acid) chain are substituted with one or more selected from the group consisting of K, Na and Li.

A drive system (1) having a unipolar machine (2) and a fuel cell (3) for supplying the unipolar machine (2) with electrical energy. The fuel cell (3) can be arranged in a ring shape around a rotor shaft (5) of a rotor (4) of the unipolar machine (2). The unipolar machine (2) can be provided in a motor vehicle (600) to supply a traction torque.

The present invention has as its object the provision of a surface-treated sheet for an alkaline secondary battery, which has gas evolution suppressing effect and also has resistance to an alkaline electrolyte solution. A surface-treated sheet 100 of the present invention for an alkaline secondary battery has a base material 10, and a metal layer 20 formed on at least one side of the base material 10. The metal layer 20 includes an alloy layer 20M that contains Ni and Zn, the alloy layer includes a first region 20A in which a proportion of Ni is 60% to 85% based on a total content of Ni and Zn, and the first region 20A has a thickness of 0.15 μm or greater.

An object of the present invention is to improve the performance of a metal-air battery. The metal-air battery includes an air electrode, an anode, and an electrolyte sandwiched between the air electrode and the anode. The air electrode includes a co-continuous body having a three dimensional network structure formed by an integrated plurality of nanostructures having branches. A magnesium alloy is used for the anode, and a weak acidic salt containing no chloride ion or a salt considered to have a buffering capacity is used for the electrolyte. Consequently, the present invention can efficiently utilize electrons and suppress passivation and self corrosion of the anode, thereby improving the performance of the metal-air battery.