A electrochemical storage device, referred to herein as a radical-ion battery, is described. The radical-ion battery includes an electrolyte, first free radicals, and second free radicals, wherein the first free radicals and the second free radicals are different chemical species. The radical-ion battery also includes a separator that allows select ions to pass therethrough, but separates the electrolyte from the second free radicals.

A main object of the present disclosure is to provide a sulfide solid electrolyte with high ion conductivity. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing a sulfide solid electrolyte including a LGPS-type crystal phase containing a Li element, a Sn element, a P element, and a S element, wherein: the sulfide solid electrolyte has a composition represented by Li4?xSn1?xPxS4, provided that 0.67<x<0.76; the sulfide solid electrolyte includes, in a 31P-NMR measurement, a first peak of which peak position is 77 ppm?1 ppm, and a second peak of which peak position is 93 ppm?1 ppm; and when S1 designates a total area of all peaks obtained in the 31P-NMR measurement, and S2 designates a total area of the first peak and the second peak, a rate of S2 with respect to S1, which is S2/S1 is 92.0% or more.

A rechargeable lithium air battery is provided. The battery contains a ceramic separator forming an anode chamber, a molten lithium anode contained in the anode chamber, an air cathode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The cathode has a temperature gradient comprising a low temperature region and a high temperature region, and the temperature gradient provides a flow system for reaction product produced by the battery.

Provided are an electrolyte for a sodium secondary battery and a sodium secondary battery using the same. More particularly, the sodium secondary battery includes an anode containing sodium, a cathode containing a transition metal, and a sodium ion conductive solid electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein the cathode is impregnated in an electrolyte containing a molten sodium salt and an electrolyte additive, the electrolyte additive including an inorganic sodium salt.

The present invention provides rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising a molten anode, a cathode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte salt, wherein the electrolyte salt is situated between the molten anode and the cathode during the operation of the electrochemical cell, and the molten anode comprises an aluminum material; also provided are batteries comprising a plurality of such rechargeable electrochemical cells and processes for manufacturing such rechargeable electrochemical cells.

An electrochemical cell includes a bifunctional air cathode, an anode, and a ceramic electrolyte separator disposed substantially between the bifunctional air cathode and the anode. The anode includes a solid metal and a liquid electrolyte phase. The liquid electrolyte phase includes at least one of an alkali oxide, boron oxide, a group V transition metal oxide, and a group VI transition metal oxide.

An electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode having at least two active metals, a positive electrode having a metal or alloy, and an electrolyte having a cation of each of the active metals. The electrolyte defines first and second interfaces with the positive electrode being in contact with the first interface and the negative electrode being in contact with the second interface. The electrolyte is configured to allow the cations of the active metals to be transferred from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharging and to be transferred from the positive electrode to the negative electrode during charging. The electrolyte exists as a liquid phase and the negative electrode and the positive electrode exist as liquid or partially liquid phases at operating temperatures of the electrochemical cell.

A battery cell capable of self-priming with molten metal produced within the battery cell includes a cathode compartment configured to contain a catholyte that releases metal ions, an anode compartment configured to receive electrons from an external power supply, an ion-selective membrane positioned between the cathode compartment and the anode compartment and configured to selectively transport the metal ions from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment when self-priming the battery cell, and an electrically conductive coating on a surface of the ion-selective membrane facing the anode compartment and configured to distribute the electrons received from the external power supply across the ion-selective membrane when self-priming the battery cell. Self-priming includes combining the electrons with the metal ions arriving at an interface between the electrically conductive coating and the ion-selective membrane to produce the molten metal within the anode compartment.

The present invention provides rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising a molten anode, a cathode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte salt, wherein the electrolyte salt is situated between the molten anode and the cathode during the operation of the electrochemical cell, and the molten anode comprises an aluminum material; also provided are batteries comprising a plurality of such rechargeable electrochemical cells and processes for manufacturing such rechargeable electrochemical cells.

An aluminum-based cathode (positive electrode) for storage cells formed by deposition of a layer of aluminum metal on a porous conductive substrate. Storage cells and batteries having the cathode. The porous conducting substrate can be metal, conductive carbon or a refractory material, such as a metal boride or metal carbide. The aluminum-deposited porous substrate is in electrical contact with a cathode current collector and a suitable liquid catholyte. The cathode is, for example, combined with a molten alkali metal anode to form a storage cell. The alkali metal and the catholyte are molten or liquid at operating temperatures of the cell. Methods of storing energy and generating energy using cell having the aluminum-based cathode are provided.