A high-frequency device and/or a high-frequency switch including the same may include: a signal electrode; a first ground electrode arranged in parallel with the signal electrode; a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the signal electrode and the first ground electrode; and a first dielectric layer disposed between the first liquid crystal layer and the first ground electrode, and/or between the signal electrode and the first liquid crystal layer. The first dielectric layer may have a dielectric constant that is larger than the dielectric constant of the first liquid crystal layer. The high-frequency device and/or the high-frequency device including the same may be variously implemented.

Provided are a phase shifter, a driving method therefor and an antenna. The phase shifter includes a first substrate and a second substrate, which are disposed opposite to each other, and a first dielectric layer disposed therebetween; the first substrate includes: a first base, and a first reference electrode layer disposed on a side of the first base close to the first dielectric layer, and including first reference electrodes insulated and spaced apart from one another and each having a first opening; the second substrate includes a second base, first transmission lines on the second base and spaced apart from one another; the first transmission lines are in one-to-one correspondence with the first reference electrodes; an orthographic projection of a first transmission end of each first transmission line on the second base at least partially overlaps that of the first opening corresponding thereto on the second base.

The present disclosure provides a phase shifter and antenna. The phase shifter includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a first dielectric layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes: a first base substrate and a transmission line on a side of the first base substrate proximal to the first dielectric layer. The second substrate includes: a second base substrate and a reference electrode on a side of the second substrate proximal to the first dielectric layer. An orthographic projection of the reference electrode on the first base substrate at least partially overlaps an orthographic projection of the transmission line on the first base substrate. The reference electrode is provided with a first opening therein, and a length of the first opening along the first direction is not less than a line width of the transmission line.

An electro-magnetic transmission line system having very low loss, which includes a low dielectric material proximate to a conductor on one side, a conductor on the opposite side and a substrate to which at least one of the conductors are attached. Also an antenna is provided, which incorporate the electro-magnetic transmission line system to transmit the radiation energy.

The present invention concerns a magnetic-photoconductive material including orientable magnetic moments or spins, the material being configured to generate photo-carriers permitting to orientate or re-orientate the magnetic moments or spins at a material temperature less than the Curie Temperature (T.sub.C) or Curie point.

A continuously manually or remotely adjustable microwave attenuator and linear phase shifter uses a mobile signal coupler (wave-probe) and a slabline structure terminated with 50 Ohms. The coupled port of the wave-probe is connected with the output port of the unit using flexible RF cable. The wave-probe is attached to the vertical axis of a mobile carriage, which is moved at variable distance from the input port, corresponding to the expected transmission phase, whereas the depth, at which the wave-probe is inserted into the slabline, determines the coupling factor and thus the value of the attenuation. Amplifier and low pass filters compensate for coupling loss and equalize for frequency slope.

A novel ferroelectric ink comprising multiphase Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) in a polymer composite is described. The ink can be employed using direct-ink writing techniques to print high dielectric constant, low loss, and electrostatically-tunable dielectrics on substrates. The substrates can be flexible such as plastics or rigid, such as substrates comprising semiconductor materials or ceramics and the like. The dielectric ink is made by suspending pre-sintered nano/submicron-sized particles of BST in a thermoplastic polymer with a solvent. After printing with the ink, a low temperature curing process is performed at temperatures below 200 C., a temperature too low to sinter BST. Fully printed devices, such as a varactor and a phase shifter using direct ink writing methodologies are described.

An electronic device is provided, including: a first substrate, a plurality of phase shifters, a second substrate, a plurality of patches, a common electrode layer, and a dielectric layer. The plurality of phase shifters are disposed on the first substrate. The second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate. The plurality of patches are disposed on the second substrate. The dielectric layer is disposed between the common electrode layer and the second substrate and on the plurality of patches. In addition, a thickness of the dielectric layer is greater than or equal to 5 m and less than or equal to a thickness of the second substrate.

The present disclosure provides a phase shifter and antenna. The phase shifter includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a first dielectric layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes: a first base substrate and a transmission line on a side of the first base substrate proximal to the first dielectric layer. The second substrate includes: a second base substrate and a reference electrode on a side of the second substrate proximal to the first dielectric layer. An orthographic projection of the reference electrode on the first base substrate at least partially overlaps an orthographic projection of the transmission line on the first base substrate. The reference electrode is provided with a first opening therein, and a length of the first opening along the first direction is not less than a line width of the transmission line.

An antenna device is provided. The antenna device includes a first substrate, a plurality of phase shifters, a second substrate, a plurality of patches and an insulating layer. The plurality of phase shifters are disposed on the first substrate. The second substrate is disposed on the first substrate. The plurality of patches are disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The insulating layer is disposed between the plurality of phase shifters and the second substrate. Moreover, a thickness of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 5 m and less than or equal to a thickness of the second substrate.