This application proposes multi-beam antenna systems using spherical lens are proposed, with high isolation between antenna ports and compatible to 2×2, 4×4, 8×8 MIMO transceivers. Several compact multi-band multi-beam solutions (with wideband operation, 40%+, in each band) are achieved by creating dual-band radiators movable on the track around spherical lens and by placing of lower band radiators between spherical lenses. By using of secondary lens for high band radiators, coupling between low band and high band radiators is reduced. Beam tilt range and side lobe suppression are improved by special selection of phase shift and rotational angle of radiators. Resultantly, a wide beam tilt range (0-40 degree) is realized in proposed multi-beam antenna systems. Each beam can be individually tilted. Based on proposed single- and multi-lens antenna solutions, cell coverage improvements and stadium tribune coverage optimization are also achieved, together with interference reduction.

This application proposes multi-beam antenna systems using spherical lens are proposed, with high isolation between antenna ports and compatible to 2×2, 4×4, 8×8 MIMO transceivers. Several compact multi-band multi-beam solutions (with wideband operation, 40%+, in each band) are achieved by creating dual-band radiators movable on the track around spherical lens and by placing of lower band radiators between spherical lenses. By using of secondary lens for high band radiators, coupling between low band and high band radiators is reduced. Beam tilt range and side lobe suppression are improved by special selection of phase shift and rotational angle of radiators. Resultantly, a wide beam tilt range (0-40 degree) is realized in proposed multi-beam antenna systems. Each beam can be individually tilted. Based on proposed single- and multi-lens antenna solutions, cell coverage improvements and stadium tribune coverage optimization are also achieved, together with interference reduction.

A radio frequency antenna array uses lenses and RF elements, to provide ground-based coverage for cellular communication. The antenna array can include two spherical lenses, where each spherical lens has at least two associated RF elements. Each of the RF elements associated with a given lens produces an output beam with an output area. Each lens is positioned with the other lenses in a staggered arrangement. The antenna includes a control mechanism configured to enable a user to move the RF elements along their respective tracks, and automatically phase compensate the output beams produced by the RF elements based on the relative distance between the RF elements.

A radio frequency antenna array uses lenses and RF elements, to provide ground-based coverage for cellular communication. The antenna array can include two spherical lenses, where each spherical lens has at least two associated RF elements. Each of the RF elements associated with a given lens produces an output beam with an output area. Each lens is positioned with the other lenses in a staggered arrangement. The antenna includes a control mechanism configured to enable a user to move the RF elements along their respective tracks, and automatically phase compensate the output beams produced by the RF elements based on the relative distance between the RF elements.

A system includes one or more antennas and a processor to communicate with a predetermined target using 5G or 6G protocols.

A lens apparatus has a spherical dielectric lens, a feed unit transmitting and/or receiving signals through the spherical lens, and an adjustable positioning system that adjustably positions the feed unit at a desired radial distance from the spherical dielectric lens.

One or more anisotropic lenses, where the permittivity and/or permeability is directional, are used to vary one or more of beamwidth, beam direction, polarization, and other parameters for one or more antennas. Contemplated anisotropic lenses can include conductive or dielectric fibers or other particles. Lenses can be spherical, cylindrical or have other shapes depending on application, and can be rotated and/or positioned. Important applications include land and satellite communication, base station antennas.

One or more anisotropic lenses, where the permittivity and/or permeability is directional, are used to vary one or more of beamwidth, beam direction, polarization, and other parameters for one or more antennas. Contemplated anisotropic lenses can include conductive or dielectric fibers or other particles. Lenses can be spherical, cylindrical or have other shapes depending on application, and can be rotated and/or positioned. Important applications include land and satellite communication, base station antennas.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a gradient index lens enabling to easily and accurately drive an antenna. According to the present invention, a virtual domain a boundary of which includes a curved focal plane in a uniform-refractive-index type lens with a uniform refractive index, and a physical domain a boundary of which includes a planar focal plane in a gradient index lens with a non-uniform refractive index and that is a quasiconformal map of the virtual domain are set, the quasiconformal map of a virtual medium parameter that is a medium parameter including at least one of a dielectric constant and magnetic permeability characterizing the virtual domain is calculated as a physical medium parameter in the physical domain, and the gradient index lens based on the physical medium parameter is designed by spatially arranging a medium parameter adjustment element set in advance.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a gradient index lens enabling to easily and accurately drive an antenna. According to the present invention, a virtual domain a boundary of which includes a curved focal plane in a uniform-refractive-index type lens with a uniform refractive index, and a physical domain a boundary of which includes a planar focal plane in a gradient index lens with a non-uniform refractive index and that is a quasiconformal map of the virtual domain are set, the quasiconformal map of a virtual medium parameter that is a medium parameter including at least one of a dielectric constant and magnetic permeability characterizing the virtual domain is calculated as a physical medium parameter in the physical domain, and the gradient index lens based on the physical medium parameter is designed by spatially arranging a medium parameter adjustment element set in advance.