Wideband phased mobile antenna array devices, systems, and methods include antenna elements arranged in a substantially linear array and positioned and adjusted on a substrate to achieve an aggregate radiation pattern in an end-fire direction. In some embodiments, each antenna element includes two pairs of antenna arms, a pair on either side of the substrate. In some embodiments, each pair of antenna arms are configured to be adjusted and positioned symmetrically to generate the end-fire radiation pattern. In some embodiments, each of the antenna elements in the linear array is spaced apart from each other by a distance that is equal to approximately /2, where is a wavelength associated with a frequency within a desired operating frequency range of the antenna system.

An electronic device including an antenna is provided. The electronic device includes a housing that includes a first plate, a second plate facing away from the first plate, and a side member surrounding a space between the first plate and the second plate, the side member being coupled to the second plate or integrally formed with the second plate, a printed circuit board that is disposed in the space and includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, a third conductive layer, and a ground, and an antenna structure that is disposed in the space. The antenna structure includes a first conductive pattern that is formed at the first conductive layer and is electrically connected with a first feeding line, a second conductive pattern that is formed at the second conductive layer interposed between the first conductive layer and the third conductive layer and is electrically connected with the ground, and a third conductive pattern that is formed at the third conductive layer and is electrically connected with a second feeding line. The first conductive pattern includes a first conductive line extended in a first direction parallel to the first conductive layer, and a first radiation part extended from the first conductive line in a second direction making a first angle between 0 to 90 degrees with the first direction. The third conductive pattern includes a second conductive line extended in the first direction, and a second radiation part extended from the second conductive line in a third direction making a second angle between 0 to +90 degrees with the first direction. The second conductive pattern includes a portion electrically connected with the ground, a third conductive line extended from the portion in the first direction, a third radiation part extended from the third conductive line in a fourth direction facing away from the second direction, a fourth conductive line spaced from the third conductive line and extended from the portion in the first direction, and a fourth radiation part extended from the fourth conductive line in a fifth direction facing away from the third direction.

Described herein is a lightning detection sensor. The lightning detection sensor comprises a sensing element that detects radio-frequency (RF) signals relating to lightning activity, a circuit that receives the detected RF signals from the sensing element and amplifies the RF signals for output to a digital signal processing device, and a reference element coupled to the circuit. The reference element is connected to an antenna ground that is isolated from a power ground, and the reference element and the antenna ground are not connected to an external ground plane.

Described herein is a lightning detection sensor. The lightning detection sensor comprises a sensing element that detects radio-frequency (RF) signals relating to lightning activity, a circuit that receives the detected RF signals from the sensing element and amplifies the RF signals for output to a digital signal processing device, and a reference element coupled to the circuit. The reference element is connected to an antenna ground that is isolated from a power ground, and the reference element and the antenna ground are not connected to an external ground plane.

A communication system where a central node (base-station or access point) communicates with multiple clients in its neighbourhood using transparent immediate beam-forming. Resource allocation and channel access is such that the central node does not necessarily know when each client starts its transmission. Receive beam-forming in such a system is not possible, as beam-forming coefficients for each client should be selected according to the particular channel realization from that client to the central node. Each client is detected early in its transmission cycle, based on either a signature that is part of the physical characteristics unique to that client, or based on a signature that is intentionally inserted in the clients' signal, and accordingly adjusts its beam-forming coefficients.

A communication system where a central node (base-station or access point) communicates with multiple clients in its neighbourhood using transparent immediate beam-forming. Resource allocation and channel access is such that the central node does not necessarily know when each client starts its transmission. Receive beam-forming in such a system is not possible, as beam-forming coefficients for each client should be selected according to the particular channel realization from that client to the central node. Each client is detected early in its transmission cycle, based on either a signature that is part of the physical characteristics unique to that client, or based on a signature that is intentionally inserted in the clients' signal, and accordingly adjusts its beam-forming coefficients.

An eLORAN receiver may include an antenna and eLORAN receiver circuitry coupled to the antenna. The antenna may have a ferromagnetic core including a ferromagnetic medial portion and ferromagnetic arms extending outwardly from the ferromagnetic medial portion, a respective electrically conductive winding surrounding each of the ferromagnetic arms, and an electrically conductive patch element adjacent the ferromagnetic core.

An eLORAN receiver may include an antenna and eLORAN receiver circuitry coupled to the antenna. The antenna may have a ferromagnetic core including a ferromagnetic medial portion and ferromagnetic arms extending outwardly from the ferromagnetic medial portion, a respective electrically conductive winding surrounding each of the ferromagnetic arms, and an electrically conductive patch element adjacent the ferromagnetic core.

A direction-finding antenna system is described. The direction-finding antenna system comprises a plurality of tapered dipole antenna elements arranged in circular array around a central axis. Each tapered dipole antenna element comprises a pair of rectangular elongated antenna elements mounted radially from said central axis and configured to be curved such that a distance between said pair of rectangular elongated antenna elements is larger at periphery of the system with respect to center thereof.

A direction-finding antenna system is described. The direction-finding antenna system comprises a plurality of tapered dipole antenna elements arranged in circular array around a central axis. Each tapered dipole antenna element comprises a pair of rectangular elongated antenna elements mounted radially from said central axis and configured to be curved such that a distance between said pair of rectangular elongated antenna elements is larger at periphery of the system with respect to center thereof.