A waveguide device for use in propagating an electromagnetic wave of a band having a shortest wavelength m in free space includes: a first electrically conductive member having an electrically conductive surface and a first throughhole; a second electrically conductive member including a plurality of electrically conductive rods each having a leading end opposing the electrically conductive surface, the second electrically conductive member having a second throughhole which overlaps the first throughhole as viewed along an axial direction of the first throughhole; and an electrically-conductive waveguiding wall at least partially surrounding a space between the first throughhole and the second throughhole and being surrounded by the plurality of electrically conductive rods, the waveguiding wall allowing the electromagnetic wave to propagate between the first throughhole and the second throughhole. The height of the waveguiding wall is less than m/2. The distance between an electrically conductive rod among the plurality of electrically conductive rods that is adjacent to the waveguiding wall and the outer periphery of the waveguiding wall is less than m/2.

Parabolic reflector antennas advantageously support low side lobe radiation patterns for ETSI class 4 performance, by utilizing: (i) metal choke plates adjacent a distal end of a dielectric cone within a sub-reflector assembly, (ii) lossy material feed boom waveguide sleeves and/or (iii) extended length cylindrical shields lined with radiation absorbing materials. Relatively shallow and large diameter parabolic reflectors having an F/D ratio of greater than about 0.25 may be provided with one or more of the identified (i)-(iii) enhancements.

A waveguide device for use in propagating an electromagnetic wave of a band having a shortest wavelength m in free space includes: a first electrically conductive member having an electrically conductive surface and a first throughhole; a second electrically conductive member including a plurality of electrically conductive rods each having a leading end opposing the electrically conductive surface, the second electrically conductive member having a second throughhole which overlaps the first throughhole as viewed along an axial direction of the first throughhole; and an electrically-conductive waveguiding wall at least partially surrounding a space between the first throughhole and the second throughhole and being surrounded by the plurality of electrically conductive rods, the waveguiding wall allowing the electromagnetic wave to propagate between the first throughhole and the second throughhole. The height of the waveguiding wall is less than m/2. The distance between an electrically conductive rod among the plurality of electrically conductive rods that is adjacent to the waveguiding wall and the outer periphery of the waveguiding wall is less than m/2.

The described features include a scalable waveguide architecture for a waveguide device. The waveguide device may be split into one or more waveguide blocks instead of manufacturing increasingly larger single-piece waveguide devices. Described techniques provide for a radio-frequency (RF) seal between such waveguide blocks that may facilitate greater manufacturing tolerances while maintaining an effective RF seal at the junction of the waveguide blocks. The described techniques include channels within one or more waveguide blocks opening to the dielectric gap between the waveguide blocks. The channels may, for each of multiple waveguides joined at the interface between waveguide blocks, be included in one or both waveguide blocks and may be in a single waveguide dimension relative to the multiple waveguides, or extend for more than one waveguide dimensions.

A blind mate waveguide flange includes a mating surface for interfacing with a waveguide probe interface. The mating surface includes a choke flange and a first opening to one end of a waveguide transition section. The choke flange includes a choke groove separating a peripheral region of the mating surface from an inner region of the mating surface. The inner region is recessed relative to the peripheral region to provide an air gap upon mating with another mating surface. The first opening has a first shape. The blind mate waveguide flange further includes a waveguide connection interface that includes a second opening at an opposite end of the waveguide transition section for interfacing with a waveguide. The second opening has a second shape such that the waveguide transition section provides a transition from the first shape to the second shape.

Various implementations of combined antenna are provided. In one implementation, for example, a combined antenna comprises a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) horn antenna element and a loop antenna element coupled to the TEM horn antenna element, wherein the loop antenna element comprises at least one slot disposed in the loop antenna element.

A printed wiring board is provided with: a core substrate corresponding to a stack area in which an interlayer connection conductor constituting an inner via is continuous; and a build-up layer comprising a resin layer stacked on the core substrate and a conductor layer on said resin layer. A via inner space inside the interlayer connection conductor constituting the inner via is hollow, and said via inner space communicates to the outside via a hole section provided in the build-up layer.

An apparatus includes a first waveguide configured to propagate electromagnetic energy along a propagation direction. The apparatus further includes a first waveguide flange configured to selectively operate in one of a plurality of modes. When operating in a first mode, the apparatus radiates at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy from the first waveguide via at least one radiating feature of the first waveguide flange. The at least one radiating feature is located on a surface of the first waveguide flange that is perpendicular to the propagation direction. Additionally, when operating in a second mode, the apparatus conducts at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy from the first waveguide to a subsequent element (e.g., a second waveguide). The at least one radiating feature is shorted to a portion of the subsequent element when operating in the second mode.

Circularly polarized directional antennas and methods of fabrication are provided. An antenna comprises conductive elements above a conductive reflector. The conducting elements are spaced radially outward from the center axis. The elements may be spaced equidistantly about each other or may be spaced between 10 and 80 degrees apart. The elements may be straight or curved. The elements may be a parallel to the reflector or may curve away or toward the reflector. The lengths and widths of each conductive element are adjusted to create or receive a circularly polarized wave of particular rotation based on the location in the element system. The elements are located within a printed circuit board that is bonded to a coaxial cable feedline placed above a metallic reflector. Each conducting element comprises a metallic wire.

The omnidirectional multiband antenna is a variant on a monocone antenna, particularly including a corrugated extending surface for lowering the low frequency cutoff of the monocone antenna. The omnidirectional multiband antenna includes an electrically conductive conical surface, having a vertex end and a base end, and at least one electrically conductive annular member mounted on the base end. The at least one electrically conductive annular member is formed from a plurality of stacked segments and has a corrugated exterior surface. The vertex end of the electrically conductive conical surface is positioned adjacent to, and spaced apart from, a first surface of a ground plane plate. A plurality of cylindrical rods is provided, a first end of each rod being secured to the at least one electrically conductive annular member, and a second end of each rod being mounted on the first surface of the ground plane plate.