A waveguide slot antenna is configured by a waveguide, formed by a dielectric substrate, a first conductive layer formed at a lower surface of the dielectric substrate, a second conductive layer formed at an upper surface of the dielectric substrate and provided with one or a plurality of slots, and a pair of side wall parts electrically connecting the first and second conductive layers and extending in a first direction, being provided with a power feeding part . The one or a plurality of slots include a first slot having a predetermined slot length along the first direction. The waveguide slot antenna has a structure in which, on a plan view from a second direction, the power feeding part overlaps the first slot, and the power feeding part does not deviate from a range of the slot length along the first direction.

A waveguide slot antenna is configured by a waveguide, formed by a dielectric substrate, a first conductive layer formed at a lower surface of the dielectric substrate, a second conductive layer formed at an upper surface of the dielectric substrate and provided with one or a plurality of slots, and a pair of side wall parts electrically connecting the first and second conductive layers and extending in a first direction, being provided with a power feeding part . The one or a plurality of slots include a first slot having a predetermined slot length along the first direction. The waveguide slot antenna has a structure in which, on a plan view from a second direction, the power feeding part overlaps the first slot, and the power feeding part does not deviate from a range of the slot length along the first direction.

Leaky wave antenna of AFSIW structure comprising a top substrate layer and a bottom substrate layer sandwiching an intermediate layer comprising a longitudinal aperture of length L defining a waveguide and whose width W1 is delimited by two conductive lateral walls. The inner faces of the conductive lateral walls are coated with a layer of dielectric material of thickness w(z). The top layer has a longitudinal radiating slot of width Wf (z) facing the longitudinal aperture of the intermediate layer. The thickness w(z) of the dielectric coating varies along the longitudinal axis z according to a given law, defined so as to obtain variations along the axis z of the amplitude Alpha(z) and of the phase Beta(z) of the leaky wave of the guide.

Leaky wave antenna of AFSIW structure comprising a top substrate layer and a bottom substrate layer sandwiching an intermediate layer comprising a longitudinal aperture of length L defining a waveguide and whose width W1 is delimited by two conductive lateral walls. The inner faces of the conductive lateral walls are coated with a layer of dielectric material of thickness w(z). The top layer has a longitudinal radiating slot of width Wf (z) facing the longitudinal aperture of the intermediate layer. The thickness w(z) of the dielectric coating varies along the longitudinal axis z according to a given law, defined so as to obtain variations along the axis z of the amplitude Alpha(z) and of the phase Beta(z) of the leaky wave of the guide.

A liquid crystal panel P according to the present invention includes: a liquid crystal layer LC; and a pair of first and second substrates 100 and 200 disposed with the liquid crystal layer LC interposed therebetween and including an alignment film M formed on a surface of each of the first and second substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, or a surface of any one of the first and second substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The alignment film M contains a carboxyl group-containing polymer containing a carboxyl group. The liquid crystal compound constituting the liquid crystal layer LC contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a cyano group, a heterocyclic ring, —OCF.sub.2—, a carbon-carbon triple bond and a trifluoromethyl group, contains an aliphatic alkyl group at a terminal thereof, and does not contain an isothiocyanate group. Antenna units are arranged.

A liquid crystal panel P according to the present invention includes: a liquid crystal layer LC; and a pair of first and second substrates 100 and 200 disposed with the liquid crystal layer LC interposed therebetween and including an alignment film M formed on a surface of each of the first and second substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, or a surface of any one of the first and second substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The alignment film M contains a carboxyl group-containing polymer containing a carboxyl group. The liquid crystal compound constituting the liquid crystal layer LC contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a cyano group, a heterocyclic ring, —OCF.sub.2—, a carbon-carbon triple bond and a trifluoromethyl group, contains an aliphatic alkyl group at a terminal thereof, and does not contain an isothiocyanate group. Antenna units are arranged.

The scanning antenna (1000) is a scanning antenna in which antenna units (U) are arranged, the scanning antenna comprising: a TFT substrate (101) including: a first dielectric substrate (1), TFTs, gate bus lines, source bus lines, and patch electrodes (15), a slot substrate (201) including: a second dielectric substrate (51), and a slot electrode (55); a liquid crystal layer (LC) provided between the TFT substrate and the slot substrate; a sealing portion that envelopes the liquid crystal layer; and a reflective conductive plate (65). The slot electrode includes slots (57) arranged in correspondence with the plurality of patch electrodes. The sealing portion includes a main sealing portion (73Fa) that defines an injection port (74Fa) and an end sealing portion (75Fa) that seals the injection port (74Fa). The end sealing portion (75Fa) is formed of a thermosetting sealant material.

The scanning antenna (1000) is a scanning antenna in which antenna units (U) are arranged, the scanning antenna comprising: a TFT substrate (101) including: a first dielectric substrate (1), TFTs, gate bus lines, source bus lines, and patch electrodes (15), a slot substrate (201) including: a second dielectric substrate (51), and a slot electrode (55); a liquid crystal layer (LC) provided between the TFT substrate and the slot substrate; a sealing portion that envelopes the liquid crystal layer; and a reflective conductive plate (65). The slot electrode includes slots (57) arranged in correspondence with the plurality of patch electrodes. The sealing portion includes a main sealing portion (73Fa) that defines an injection port (74Fa) and an end sealing portion (75Fa) that seals the injection port (74Fa). The end sealing portion (75Fa) is formed of a thermosetting sealant material.

An array antenna device, including: a waveguide (1) having a plurality of radiation units (2) arranged on one tube wall thereof, in which the waveguide (1) has a plurality of grooves (3) arranged on an inner side of a tube wall facing the tube wall, movable short-circuit surfaces (4) each electrically short-circuited to an inner wall of one of the grooves (3), and movable short-circuit surface controlling mechanisms (5) for changing positions of the movable short-circuit surfaces (4).

An array antenna device, including: a waveguide (1) having a plurality of radiation units (2) arranged on one tube wall thereof, in which the waveguide (1) has a plurality of grooves (3) arranged on an inner side of a tube wall facing the tube wall, movable short-circuit surfaces (4) each electrically short-circuited to an inner wall of one of the grooves (3), and movable short-circuit surface controlling mechanisms (5) for changing positions of the movable short-circuit surfaces (4).