An example antenna system includes a plurality of dielectric rod stacks and a control circuit. The control circuit includes a plurality of independently controlled output circuit boards. Each independently controlled output circuit board includes a respective dielectric rod stack. The respective dielectric rod stack includes a plurality of respective dielectric rods. The control circuit selects: (i) the dielectric rod stacks, and (ii) the respective dielectric rods of the respective dielectric rod stack to adjust a beam of emitted or received radio frequency (RF) waves.

An example antenna system includes a plurality of dielectric rod stacks and a control circuit. The control circuit includes a plurality of independently controlled output circuit boards. Each independently controlled output circuit board includes a respective dielectric rod stack. The respective dielectric rod stack includes a plurality of respective dielectric rods. The control circuit selects: (i) the dielectric rod stacks, and (ii) the respective dielectric rods of the respective dielectric rod stack to adjust a beam of emitted or received radio frequency (RF) waves.

An example antenna system includes a plurality of dielectric rod stacks and a control circuit. The control circuit includes a plurality of independently controlled output circuit boards. Each independently controlled output circuit board includes a respective dielectric rod stack. The respective dielectric rod stack includes a plurality of respective dielectric rods. The control circuit selects: (i) the dielectric rod stacks, and (ii) the respective dielectric rods of the respective dielectric rod stack to adjust a beam of emitted or received radio frequency (RF) waves.

A pair of ground planes arranged in parallel, a dielectric medium disposed in between the pair of ground planes, and a set of at least four signal conductors disposed in the dielectric medium, the set of at least four signal conductors having (i) a first pair of signal conductors arranged proximate to a first ground plane of the pair of ground planes and (ii) a second pair of signal conductors arranged proximate to a second ground plane of the pair of ground planes, each signal conductor of the set of at least four signal conductors configured to carry a respective signal corresponding to a symbol of a codeword of a vector signaling code.

A pair of ground planes arranged in parallel, a dielectric medium disposed in between the pair of ground planes, and a set of at least four signal conductors disposed in the dielectric medium, the set of at least four signal conductors having (i) a first pair of signal conductors arranged proximate to a first ground plane of the pair of ground planes and (ii) a second pair of signal conductors arranged proximate to a second ground plane of the pair of ground planes, each signal conductor of the set of at least four signal conductors configured to carry a respective signal corresponding to a symbol of a codeword of a vector signaling code.

In accordance with one or more embodiments, a guided wave launcher includes an array of antennas that generates first electromagnetic field signals. A lens is configured to guide the first electromagnetic field signals to a surface of a transmission medium, the first electromagnetic field signals inducing a first guided electromagnetic wave that is guided by the surface of the transmission medium and propagates along the transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path.

In accordance with one or more embodiments, a guided wave launcher includes an array of antennas that generates first electromagnetic field signals. A lens is configured to guide the first electromagnetic field signals to a surface of a transmission medium, the first electromagnetic field signals inducing a first guided electromagnetic wave that is guided by the surface of the transmission medium and propagates along the transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path.

Disclosed is a shaped horn in conjunction with a dielectric tube for enhanced aperture directivity that can achieve a near optimum efficiency. The shaped horn provides additional mode control to provide an improved off-axis cross-polarization response. The horn shape can be individually optimized for isolated horns or for horns in a feed array. The feed array environment can produce results that lead to a different optimized shape than the isolated horn. Lower off axis cross-polarization can result in improved efficiency and susceptibility to interference.

An antenna structure includes a frame portion and a feeding portion. The frame portion is provided with a first gap and a second gap. The first gap and the second gap penetrate and divide the frame portion into a first radiating portion, a second radiating portion, and a third radiating portion. The feeding portion is arranged on the first radiating portion adjacent to the second gap. One end of the feeding portion is electrically coupled to the first radiating portion, and the other end of the feeding portion is electrically coupled to a feeding point to feed current to the first radiating portion. The second radiating portion and/or the third radiating portion is provided with a side slot. A radiation frequency band of the second radiating portion and/or the third radiating portion where the side slot is located is adjusted by adjusting the length of the side slot.

An antenna structure includes a frame portion and a feeding portion. The frame portion is provided with a first gap and a second gap. The first gap and the second gap penetrate and divide the frame portion into a first radiating portion, a second radiating portion, and a third radiating portion. The feeding portion is arranged on the first radiating portion adjacent to the second gap. One end of the feeding portion is electrically coupled to the first radiating portion, and the other end of the feeding portion is electrically coupled to a feeding point to feed current to the first radiating portion. The second radiating portion and/or the third radiating portion is provided with a side slot. A radiation frequency band of the second radiating portion and/or the third radiating portion where the side slot is located is adjusted by adjusting the length of the side slot.