A radio frequency antenna array uses lenses and RF elements, to provide ground-based coverage for cellular communication. The antenna array can include a spherical lens, where each spherical lens has at least two associated RF elements. Each of the RF elements associated with a given lens produces an output beam with an output area. The antenna includes a control mechanism configured to enable a user to move the RF elements along their respective tracks, and automatically phase compensate the output beams produced by the RF elements based on the relative distance between the RF elements.

An antenna apparatus has a dielectric substrate and conductors. The antenna apparatus includes an antenna element which is arranged on a main surface of the dielectric substrate and has directivity ahead of the main surface, and a directional characteristic control member which includes a sidewall part which projects ahead of the main surface on at least one side of directivity of the antenna element with respect to the antenna element, and a roof part which projects in a direction of the antenna element from the sidewall part at a predetermined angle of more than 70° and less than 120° with respect to the sidewall part so that orthogonal projection to the main surface does not reach the antenna element, to reflect or absorb radio waves.

An antenna apparatus has a dielectric substrate and conductors. The antenna apparatus includes an antenna element which is arranged on a main surface of the dielectric substrate and has directivity ahead of the main surface, and a directional characteristic control member which includes a sidewall part which projects ahead of the main surface on at least one side of directivity of the antenna element with respect to the antenna element, and a roof part which projects in a direction of the antenna element from the sidewall part at a predetermined angle of more than 70° and less than 120° with respect to the sidewall part so that orthogonal projection to the main surface does not reach the antenna element, to reflect or absorb radio waves.

Systems and methods are provided for provisioning of telecommunications signals in moving trains. Scattering panels may be utilized for redirecting wireless signals, such as by scattering them, to provide better communication performance on the moving trains. The scattering panels may be configured to scatter the signals, such as by reflecting them. The scattering panels may be configured for operation in conjunction with a number of antennas that communicate the signals being scattered via the scattering panels.

A method for controlling an aircraft includes storing data aboard the aircraft. The data include the relative positions of radar targets disposed within a region adjacent to the runway. The region is scanned with a radar aboard the aircraft to obtain data corresponding to the relative positions of radar reflections from the region, including reflections from the radar targets. The data corresponding to the radar targets is distinguished from the data corresponding to the radar reflections from the region using correlation techniques. The position and attitude of the aircraft relative to the runway is then assessed using the stored data and the data corresponding to the radar targets. The position and attitude of the aircraft relative to the runway is also evaluated using an independent navigation system. The difference between the assessed position and attitude and the evaluated position and attitude is then used to control the aircraft.

A method for controlling an aircraft includes storing data aboard the aircraft. The data include the relative positions of radar targets disposed within a region adjacent to the runway. The region is scanned with a radar aboard the aircraft to obtain data corresponding to the relative positions of radar reflections from the region, including reflections from the radar targets. The data corresponding to the radar targets is distinguished from the data corresponding to the radar reflections from the region using correlation techniques. The position and attitude of the aircraft relative to the runway is then assessed using the stored data and the data corresponding to the radar targets. The position and attitude of the aircraft relative to the runway is also evaluated using an independent navigation system. The difference between the assessed position and attitude and the evaluated position and attitude is then used to control the aircraft.

A flight management system includes a communications system configured to receive weather data from a remote source, a display system configured to generate an output for a flight display of an aircraft, and at least one processor with a non-transitory processor-readable medium storing processor-executable code. The output includes weather information based on the received weather data. The processor-executable code causes the processor to receive a user input from a user interface element of the aircraft where the user input requests updated weather information. The processor-executable code causes the processor to retrieve, via the communications system and in response to the user input, updated weather data from the remote source; calculate a departure or arrival performance flight parameter based at least in part on the updated weather data; and provide, via the display system, an output for the flight display of the aircraft where the output includes the flight parameter.

A system for infrastructure system calibration includes a sensor configured to be mounted to an infrastructure component and configured to detect an object. A corner reflector has an optical pattern and is arranged within a field of view of the sensor. The corner reflector has three surfaces that meet at a point.

A base station antenna includes a radome and an antenna assembly that is mounted within the radome. The antenna assembly includes a backplane that includes a first reflector, a first array that includes a plurality of first radiating elements mounted to extend forwardly from the first reflector, a second reflector mounted to extend forwardly from the first reflector and a second array that includes a plurality of second radiating elements mounted to extend forwardly from the second reflector. The first radiating elements extend a first distance forwardly from the first reflector and the second radiating elements extend a second distance forwardly from the second reflector, where the first distance exceeds the second distance.

An electronic device may be provided with a conductive sidewall. An aperture may be formed in the sidewall. The sidewall may have a cavity that extends from the aperture towards the interior of the device. The cavity may be filled with an injection-molded plastic substrate. A dielectric block having a dielectric constant greater than that of the injection-molded plastic substrate and the antenna layers may be embedded in the injection-molded plastic substrate. The dielectric block may at least partially overlap an antenna. The antenna may convey radio-frequency signals at a frequency greater than 10 GHz through the cavity, the dielectric block, the injection-molded plastic substrate, and the aperture. The dielectric block may increase the effective dielectric constant of the cavity, allowing the antenna to cover relatively low frequencies without increasing the size of the aperture.