Disclosed is a system for performing Massive MIMO or Multi-User MIMO using a gradient index sphere (such as a Luneburg Lens). The gradient index sphere may have a plurality of radiators disposed along its outer surface such that each radiator radiates inward toward the center of the sphere so that the sphere focuses the energy from each radiator to form a tight beam. This provides for improved uplink gain for detecting and locating a mobile device within range of the system, and it enables high performance with reduced signal processing required for array-based beamforming.

Provided herein is an artificial dielectric material comprising a plurality of layered sheets of a dielectric material and a plurality of conductive elements disposed in holes made in the sheets of the dielectric material, wherein each conductive element is substantially tubular and comprises a slit along its length so as to provide a gap between two longitudinal edges. Also provided are lenses comprising the artificial dielectric materials and methods for manufacture of such materials. The artificial dielectric materials and lenses may provide desirable dielectric and radio wave focusing properties and manufacturing advantages.

A sensing system is provided that includes a first sub-sensing system having a first azimuth plane. The first sub-sensing system includes a Gradient-index lens, and a first plurality of antenna elements arranged adjacent to the Gradient-index lens and configured to receive a first signal emanating from a first field of view. The sensing system also includes a second sub-sensing system having a second azimuth plane oriented at an angle with respect to the first azimuth plane and a second plurality of antenna elements configured to receive a second signal emanating from a second field of view.

An antenna apparatus is provided with: at least one antenna element; and a dielectric lens including a lens body made of a first dielectric material having a first dielectric constant, the lens body having first and second surfaces opposing each other. The lens body is formed so as to refract an incident wave on the antenna element or an incident wave from the antenna element, at refracting angles that gradually increase as a distance from an axis passing through centers of the first and second surfaces increases.

The present disclosure provides an antenna module including a substrate, a first antenna disposed on the substrate and a second antenna disposed on the substrate and spaced apart from the first antenna. The first antenna is configured to have a first operating frequency and the second antenna is configured to have a second operating frequency different from the first operating frequency. The antenna module further includes an element configured to focus an electromagnetic wave transmitted or received by the first antenna and the second antenna. A semiconductor device package is also disclosed.

One or more anisotropic lenses, where the permittivity and/or permeability is directional, are used to vary one or more of beamwidth, beam direction, polarization, and other parameters for one or more antennas. Contemplated anisotropic lenses can include conductive or dielectric fibers or other particles. Lenses can be spherical, cylindrical or have other shapes depending on application, and can be rotated and/or positioned. Important applications include land and satellite communication, base station antennas.

A wireless signal transceiver includes a main body part, an antenna array, and a refraction element. The antenna array is disposed in the main body part, and is configured to transmit or receive at least one wireless signal beam. The refraction element is disposed at a first end of the main body part, and the first end is opposite to the antenna array. The refraction element is used to receive the wireless signal beam and refracts the wireless signal beam to generate and transmit a plurality of outputted wireless signal beams.

An antenna arrangement for a sensor for plant automation, including for fill level or limit level monitoring, is provided including a primary radiator configured to emit a radar signal, a first lens configured to focus the radar signal, and at least one second lens configured to optimize the focused radar signal, the second lens being disposed at a distance from the first lens and the primary radiator, providing thermal, electrical, or medial decoupling of the primary radiator and the first lens from the second lens.

A system includes a fill level measuring device and at least one attachment. The fill level measuring device measures the fill level of a medium in a container. The fill level measuring device has a control and evaluation unit for generating a measurement signal, and a process connection element. The process connection element has a transmission element on the medium side. The transmission element is at least partially permeable to the measurement signal. The at least one attachment is connected to the process connection element. The at least one attachment has, on the medium side, an attachment lens for coupling the measurement signal into the container. The attachment lens is designed and, during operation, arranged behind the transmission element in the propagation direction of the measurement signal in such a way that the attachment lens changes the opening angle of the measurement signal.

This invention provides an antenna assembly equipped with a sub-wavelength structured enhancer, comprising an antenna supporting substrate with a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other; a first patch antenna is disposed on the top surface of the antenna supporting substrate or inside of the antenna supporting substrate; a ground layer is disposed under the bottom surface of the antenna supporting substrate; a signal feeding layer for transmitting satellite communicating signals is disposed on one of surfaces of the antenna supporting substrate, or inside of the antenna supporting substrate, or under the first patch antenna, or under a side of the ground layer back to the antenna supporting substrate; and a solid sub-wavelength structured enhancer is disposed above the first patch antenna and spaced with each other by an air gap ranging between 7 mm and 47 mm.