A microwave prism is used to repoint an operational Direct-to-Home (DTH) or Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) reflector antenna as part of a ground terminal to receive (or transmit) signals from a different satellite or orbital position without physically moving the reflector or the feed horn antenna. The microwave prism operates by shifting the radiated fields from the horn antenna generally perpendicular to the focal axis of the parabolic reflector in order to cause the main beam of the reflector to scan in response. For an existing reflector antenna receiving signals from an incumbent satellite, a prism has been designed to be snapped into place over the feed horn and shift the fields laterally by a calibrated distance. The structure of the prism is designed to be positioned and oriented correctly without the use of skilled labor. This system allows a satellite service provider to repoint their subscribers to a new satellite by shipping a self-install kit of the prism that is pre-configured to have the correct orientation and position on the feed antenna to correctly re-point the beam at a different satellite once the prism is applied. One benefit of the system is that unskilled labor, i.e., the subscribers themselves, can be used to repoint a large number of subscriber antennas in a satellite network rather than requiring the cost of a truck roll and a technician to visit every site. The microwave prisms to implement this functionality can be constructed in different ways, with homogeneous slabs or blocks, Gradient-Index (GRIN), multi-layered dielectric, geometric or graded-index Fresnel-zone, metasurface, or metamaterial prisms. The geometric and electrical constraints of the design are determined by the incumbent and target satellites and the ground terminal location.

Provided is an antenna apparatus which is capable of improving a gain in a specific direction, reducing an unnecessary gain in an angle range, and reducing its height. A radome 220 is formed such that a central portion positioned above a patch array antenna 130 is formed in different shapes in an outer wall and an inner wall. The central portion of the outer wall of the radome 220 is formed in a flat shape, and thus the height of the radome 120 is reduced. On the other hand, the center portion of the inner wall of the radome 220 is formed such that a radome thickness at a position of the radome 220 in directions in which an angle θ is about −45° and about +45° when viewed from the center of the patch array antenna 130 changes stepwise.

A wireless communication module includes a horn antenna and a semiconductor chip, and the horn antenna and the semiconductor chip are integrally formed by a mold resin and are connected through a transmission line. The horn antenna includes an open end provided on a longitudinal end face of the wireless communication module; an antenna conversion unit located on an opposite side of the open end and connected with the semiconductor chip through the transmission line; and a side face part whose shape is varied in a thickness direction of the wireless communication module in a manner such that an opening area is widened from the antenna conversion unit toward the open end.

An antenna includes a reflector and a waveguide assembly. The waveguide assembly includes a feed assembly and a support member that extends from behind the reflector to orient the feed assembly for direct illumination of the reflector. The waveguide assembly includes a first waveguide coupled to a first portion of a common waveguide, a second waveguide coupled to a second portion of the common waveguide, and a septum layer that includes a septum polarizer coupled between the common waveguide and the first and second waveguides.

An end-fire antenna for wideband low form factor applications includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a dielectric layer disposed between the first and second metal layers. An open cavity formed in the dielectric layer that is filled with air, the cavity defined by a pair of sidewalls that extend from an aperture of the cavity to a rear wall of the cavity, where the depth of the aperture is defined between the aperture and the rear wall. The cavity is formed by selecting the width of the aperture of the cavity and the depth of the cavity such that the antenna achieves the same gain during operation irrespective of a variation in the thickness of the antenna.

An end-fire antenna for wideband low form factor applications includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a dielectric layer disposed between the first and second metal layers. An open cavity formed in the dielectric layer that is filled with air, the cavity defined by a pair of sidewalls that extend from an aperture of the cavity to a rear wall of the cavity, where the depth of the aperture is defined between the aperture and the rear wall. The cavity is formed by selecting the width of the aperture of the cavity and the depth of the cavity such that the antenna achieves the same gain during operation irrespective of a variation in the thickness of the antenna.

A radar measuring device for level and/or limit level monitoring is provided, including a radar signal source configured to generate and/or transmit a radar signal, an antenna arrangement configured to direct the radar signal, a plano-convex lens with a plane side configured to face a medium and to focus the radar signal, the radar measuring device being configured such that the plane side rests at least partially on a container surface and such that a contact surface is formed between the plano-convex lens and the container.

A method for achieving multiple beam radiation vertical orthogonal field coverage by means of multiple feed-in dish antenna, comprising using a total metallic disc and plural feed-in antenna components, wherein it is possible to generate multiple sets of radiation beams by applying multiple sets of feed-in antenna components, and the coverage ranges created by different radiation beams may uniformly distribute there between so as to generate multiple communication service coverage areas. Moreover, since the field formed by the reflection of the total metallic disc is characterized in vertical orthogonality, advantages such as effectively increased coverage, improved energy utilization and radiation beam switches or the like can be provided.

A level measurement device for measuring a level (L) of a product, in particular a product contained in a container, comprising: mounting means for mounting said measurement device at a measurement site, an antenna comprising a dielectric antenna element for transmitting microwave signals (S) towards the product and/or for receiving echo signals (R) resulting from reflections of the transmitted microwave signals, and measurement electronics for determining the level (L) of the product based on a transit time needed for the microwave signals to travel to a surface of the product and of their echo signals to return to the device, is described allowing to prevent deposits to build up, which may eventually impair transmission and/or reception of the signals. To this extent, the measurement device according to the invention comprises a cap covering said dielectric antenna element and cleaning means for cleaning said cap are foreseen, which cause said cap to vibrate when they are activated.

A radar module for process automation including process measurement technology and the automation industry is provided, the radar module including: a radar signal source configured to generate and to transmit, and/or to receive, a radar signal; and a dielectric radar signal guide configured to receive the radar signal and then to transmit the radar signal to an antenna, a waveguide, and/or a dielectric lens, the dielectric radar signal guide being arranged at a predetermined distance from the radar signal source, forming an intermediate space, and an end face of the dielectric radar signal guide facing the radar signal source at least partially has a metallic layer.