The sealing material composition of the present disclosure includes a lactone-based compound having at least two functional groups A represented by the Chemical Formula (1) and a curing agent that is thermally reactive with the lactone-based compound and contains a compound having at least two of one or more kinds of functional groups B selected from the group consisting of a mercaptan group, a hydroxyl group, and a secondary amine group ##STR00001## where, a is an integer of 0 or 1, and * is an atomic bond.

A method and apparatus for using Euclidean modulation in an antenna are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for controlling an antenna comprises mapping a desired modulation to achievable modulation states, mapping modulation values associated with the achievable modulation states to one or more control parameters, and controlling radio frequency (RF) radiating antenna elements using the one or more control parameters to perform beam forming.

An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna element array having a plurality of radiating radio-frequency (RF) antenna elements formed using portions of first and second substrates with a liquid crystal (LC) therebetween, and a structure between the first and second substrates and outside the area of the RF antenna elements to collect LC from an area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC expansion.

Techniques for motion mitigation for uplink power control are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for use in a satellite communication system comprises: generating a power margin associated with motion of an antenna of a satellite terminal; and generating a first power limit representing a maximum transmit power for the antenna based, at least in part, on the power margin.

A method and apparatus for impedance matching for an antenna aperture are described. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna aperture having at least one array of antenna elements operable to radiate radio frequency (RF) energy and an integrated composite stack structure coupled to the antenna aperture. The integrated composite stack structure includes a wide angle impedance matching network to provide impedance matching between the antenna aperture and free space and also puts dipole loading on antenna elements.

A TFT module includes TFTs; gate bus lines; a plurality of source bus lines; unit electrodes connected with the source bus lines via the TFTs; a gate driver configured to supply a scan signal from a first end of the gate bus lines and a source driver configured to supply a data signal from a first end of the source bus lines, the gate driver and the source driver being provided in a second region lying around a first region in which the unit electrodes are provided; current sensing circuits provided in the second region; and feedback lines. Each of the feedback lines is connected with a corresponding current sensing circuit and with a second end of a corresponding source bus line or gate bus line, the second end being opposite to the first end.

Examples disclosed herein relate to a radiating structure. The radiating structure has a transmission array structure having a plurality of transmission paths, each transmission path having a plurality of slots. The radiating structure also has a radiating array structure of a plurality of radiating elements, with each radiating element corresponding to at least one slot from the plurality of slots, the radiating array structure positioned proximate the transmission array structure. A feed coupling structure is coupled to the transmission array structure and adapted for propagation of a transmission signal to the transmission array structure, the transmission signal radiated through at least one of the plurality of slots and at least one of the plurality of radiating elements.

An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array in an antenna and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna element array formed using portions of first and second substrates with a liquid crystal (LC) therebetween, and a structure between the first and second substrates and in an area outside of, and at an outer periphery of, the antenna element array to collect LC from an area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC expansion and to provide LC to the area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC contraction, the structure having a plurality of support spacers between the first and second substrates.

A manufacturing method of a TFT substrate is a manufacturing method of a TFT substrate in which each of a source electrode and a drain electrode includes a lower source metal layer and an upper source metal layer. The manufacturing method of the TFT substrate includes the steps of: forming an upper source metal layer by etching an upper conductive film with the first resist layer as an etching mask; forming a lower source metal layer by etching a lower conductive film; removing the first resist layer and forming a second resist layer covering the upper source metal layer; and forming a source contact portion and a drain contact portion by etching a contact layer by dry etching with the second resist layer as an etching mask.

Antennas having iris and/or cell rotation and/or with frequency compensation in solid state device (e.g., diode) designs and methods of using the same are described. In some embodiments, the antenna comprises: an antenna aperture having a plurality of RF radiating antenna elements that each include an iris and a solid state device coupled across the iris, wherein the plurality of antenna elements are located in rings with orientation of each of the irises of the antenna elements in at least a portion of each ring rotated with respect to adjacent irises in the portion of each ring while orientation of corresponding solid state devices is uniform; and a controller coupled to control the array of RF radiating antenna elements to tune RF radiating antenna elements to generate one or more beams using the plurality of RF radiating antenna elements.