A linear-to-circular polarizer antenna is disclosed. In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the polarizer antenna includes an antenna operable to transmit and receive polarized signals and a linear-to-circular polarizer coupled to the antenna. The polarizer includes a plurality of cascaded elements, waveplates or anisotropic sheets, having biaxial permittivity. Each cascaded element has a principal axis rotated at different angles relative to an adjacent element about a z-axis of a 3-dimensional x, y, z coordinate system, and each element is composed of an artificial anisotropic dielectric. The polarizer further includes impedance matching layers disposed adjacent the cascaded elements.

A front end of a radar system is provided with a first front end apparatus and a second front end apparatus. A first transmit planar component and a first receive planar component in the first front end apparatus are arranged to be perpendicular to one another. A second transmit planar component and a second receive planar component in the second front end apparatus are arranged to be perpendicular to one another. A linear array of antennas is located along a second end of each planar component. Polarization of a first set of waves transmitted from the linear array of antennas of the first transmit planar component and polarization of a second set of waves transmitted from the linear array of antennas of the second transmit planar component are perpendicular to one another.

The present invention discloses a new single polarized array waveguide antenna adapted to be configured above a signal processing substrate, and including an antenna array substrate and a waveguide body. The antenna array substrate includes a plurality of antenna units, each of which having a coupling portion and an impedance matching portion. The waveguide body is configured above the antenna array substrate, and includes a plurality of waveguide channels passing through the waveguide body. Each waveguide channel has a first ridge and a second ridge projecting from wall surfaces and arranged opposite to each other. The first ridge has a first lower withdrawn edge on a lower section of the waveguide channel, and the second ridge has a second lower withdrawn edge on the lower section of the waveguide channel. The first lower withdrawn edge is distanced from the antenna array substrate by a first matching height, and the second lower withdrawn edge is distanced from the antenna array substrate by a second matching height, wherein the first matching height is different from the second matching height. Accordingly, signal transmission quality is improved by the structural arrangement above.

The disclosed structures and methods are directed to transmission and reception of a radio-frequency (RF) wave. An antenna comprises a stack-up structure having a first control layer, a second control layer, a first and a second parallel-plate waveguides, and a plurality of through vias. The antenna further comprises a first central port and a second central port being configured to radiate RF wave into the two parallel-plate waveguides independently; vertical-polarization peripheral radiating elements integrated with the first control layer and configured to radiate RF wave in vertical polarization; and horizontal-polarization peripheral radiating elements integrated with the second control layer and configured to radiate RF wave in horizontal polarization. A central port for transmission of RF wave into the stack-up structure of the antenna is also provided. Each vertical-polarization peripheral radiating element is collocated with one of the horizontal-polarization peripheral radiating element such that they cross each other, and that a RF wave radiation beam may be steered at an angle of 0 to 360 degrees in the plane of the stack-up structure, around the central port

An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna element array having a plurality of radiating radio-frequency (RF) antenna elements formed using portions of first and second substrates with a liquid crystal (LC) therebetween, and a structure between the first and second substrates and outside the area of the RF antenna elements to collect LC from an area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC expansion.

A method and apparatus for testing an antenna are described. In on embodiment, the antenna comprises: a memory; an antenna aperture with a plurality of electronically controlled radio frequency (RF) radiating antenna elements; a pattern generator, including one or more processors, to generate a plurality of patterns to apply to the antenna aperture during testing to cause the antenna to generate a beam in response to each pattern of the plurality of patterns while pointing at a satellite; a receiver to receive satellite signals from the satellite in response to generating beams with the aperture; a metric provider, including one or more processors, to generate one or more satellite signal metrics for the received satellite signals; and antenna parameter selector to select one or more parameters associated with beamforming based on the satellite signal metrics indicating antenna performance reached a predetermined level, wherein selection of the one or more parameters is for storage in the memory and used to generate a beam with the antenna aperture when performing data communication.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a first network node may transmit a first signal using a first antenna of the antenna array, the antenna array having a plurality of antennas that are arranged along a curved structure, wherein the curved structure is convex in a direction opposite a transmission direction, and wherein the first antenna is located at a first position on the curved structure so that the first signal has a first aperture with respect to the lens. The first network node may transmit a second signal using a second antenna of the plurality of antennas, wherein the second antenna is located at a second position on the curved structure so that the second signal has a second aperture with respect to the lens. Numerous other aspects are described.

A method and apparatus for testing an antenna are described. In on embodiment, the antenna comprises: a memory; an antenna aperture with a plurality of electronically controlled radio frequency (RF) radiating antenna elements; a pattern generator, including one or more processors, to generate a plurality of patterns to apply to the antenna aperture during testing to cause the antenna to generate a beam in response to each pattern of the plurality of patterns while pointing at a satellite; a receiver to receive satellite signals from the satellite in response to generating beams with the aperture; a metric provider, including one or more processors, to generate one or more satellite signal metrics for the received satellite signals; and antenna parameter selector to select one or more parameters associated with beamforming based on the satellite signal metrics indicating antenna performance reached a predetermined level, wherein selection of the one or more parameters is for storage in the memory and used to generate a beam with the antenna aperture when performing data communication.

A front end of a radar system is provided with a first front end apparatus and a second front end apparatus. A first transmit planar component and a first receive planar component in the first front end apparatus are arranged to be perpendicular to one another. A second transmit planar component and a second receive planar component in the second front end apparatus are arranged to be perpendicular to one another. A linear array of antennas is located along a second end of each planar component. Polarization of a first set of waves transmitted from the linear array of antennas of the first transmit planar component and polarization of a second set of waves transmitted from the linear array of antennas of the second transmit planar component are perpendicular to one another.

The present invention provides an antenna device that has a radiation pattern whose peak direction is independent of a frequency of an electromagnetic wave emitted. The antenna device includes: a ground layer (11) made of an electric conductor; a plurality of array antennas (22) provided in a layer above the ground layer (11); and a Rotman lens (32) provided in a layer below the ground layer (11). Each array antenna (22i) includes: a power feed line (23Li) at a center of which a feedpoint (23Pi) is located; and a plurality of antenna elements (241i through 248i and 251i through 258i) connected to the power feed line (23Li), and has a point symmetric shape with respect to the feedpoint (23Pi) as a center of symmetry. Each feedpoint (23Pi) is coupled to any one output port (322i) of the Rotman lens (32) via a slot (111i) provided in the ground layer (11).