A copper-aluminum connector includes at least one copper terminal for connection to a power consumption device, and at least one aluminum wire for connection to an electrical circuit, wherein, the copper-aluminum connector further includes a connecting part, and the connecting part includes at least one first connecting end for connection to an end portion of the copper terminal and at least one second connecting end for connection to the aluminum wire.

An electrical contacting interface includes a low and stable electrical transition resistance including at least two contacting partners, which interact for electrical contacting. According to an embodiment, in one of the two contacting partners, in the region of a contacting surface, a structure is formed which protrudes from the plane of the contacting surface of the one contacting partner. The structure deforms under the influence of a mechanical force and causes a corresponding deformation in the shape of a recess in the opposite contacting partner. The structure protruding from the plane is formed such that even after the deformation caused in the opposite contacting partner and the flat regions of the two contacting surfaces do not touch. Therefore, the electrical current is forced to flow solely through the contact interface created during the deformation process, such that the electricity transfer surfaces are precisely localized.

An electrical contacting interface includes a low and stable electrical transition resistance including at least two contacting partners, which interact for electrical contacting. According to an embodiment, in one of the two contacting partners, in the region of a contacting surface, a structure is formed which protrudes from the plane of the contacting surface of the one contacting partner. The structure deforms under the influence of a mechanical force and causes a corresponding deformation in the shape of a recess in the opposite contacting partner. The structure protruding from the plane is formed such that even after the deformation caused in the opposite contacting partner and the flat regions of the two contacting surfaces do not touch. Therefore, the electrical current is forced to flow solely through the contact interface created during the deformation process, such that the electricity transfer surfaces are precisely localized.

A system and method are disclosed for an electrical earthing or grounding system to protect electrical systems and structures. Such systems and structures are efficient at dissipating broadband energy. An earthing mix system in contact with a grounding electrode is separated into functional components; a conductive earthing mix which is in contact with an electrical conductor and an impedance transitioning earthing composition which is in contact with the conductivity earthing mix. The conductive earthing mix absorbs, radiates, conducts, and dissipates electrical energy. The impedance transitioning earthing mix acts as a lossy impedance matching media to reduce reflections and improve energy transfer. A conductive slurry mix fills in voids and aids in contact between the other elements. A grounding electrode system connects an electrically conductive electrode with an earthing mix system to achieve reduced impedance mismatch between the local soil and the grounding system itself while expanding the bandwidth of the overall system's grounding capability beyond traditional solutions.

A system and method are disclosed for an electrical earthing or grounding system to protect electrical systems and structures. Such systems and structures are efficient at dissipating broadband energy. An earthing mix system in contact with a grounding electrode is separated into functional components; a conductive earthing mix which is in contact with an electrical conductor and an impedance transitioning earthing composition which is in contact with the conductivity earthing mix. The conductive earthing mix absorbs, radiates, conducts, and dissipates electrical energy. The impedance transitioning earthing mix acts as a lossy impedance matching media to reduce reflections and improve energy transfer. A conductive slurry mix fills in voids and aids in contact between the other elements. A grounding electrode system connects an electrically conductive electrode with an earthing mix system to achieve reduced impedance mismatch between the local soil and the grounding system itself while expanding the bandwidth of the overall system's grounding capability beyond traditional solutions.

A harness is provided with one or more first wires each including a first core exposed portion, one or more second wires each including a second core exposed portion, and a bonded portion formed by welding the first and second core exposed portion(s). A total cross-sectional area of the second core(s) is equal to or less than ⅓ of the sum of total cross-sectional areas of the first and second core(s). The bonded portion has two pairs of outer surfaces extending along an extending direction of the first and second wires and facing each other and a distance H between one pair of the outer surfaces (upper/lower surfaces), out of the two pairs of outer surfaces, is longer than a distance W between another pair of the outer surfaces (right/left side surfaces). The second core exposed portion(s) is/are arranged adjacent to the upper surface Up in the bonded portion.

A harness is provided with one or more first wires each including a first core exposed portion, one or more second wires each including a second core exposed portion, and a bonded portion formed by welding the first and second core exposed portion(s). A total cross-sectional area of the second core(s) is equal to or less than ⅓ of the sum of total cross-sectional areas of the first and second core(s). The bonded portion has two pairs of outer surfaces extending along an extending direction of the first and second wires and facing each other and a distance H between one pair of the outer surfaces (upper/lower surfaces), out of the two pairs of outer surfaces, is longer than a distance W between another pair of the outer surfaces (right/left side surfaces). The second core exposed portion(s) is/are arranged adjacent to the upper surface Up in the bonded portion.

The present disclosure relates to an electric wire connection structure including one or more copper-based conductor covered electric wires having a copper-based conductor covered part and exposed part; and one or more aluminum-based conductor covered electric wires having an aluminum-based conductor covered part and exposed part. An ultrasonic joint part is provided at a conductor stacked part in which the copper-based conductor exposed part and the aluminum-based conductor exposed part are superposed. A total contacting length L which is a summed length of a part at which the copper-based conductor exposed part and the aluminum-based conductor exposed part contact and a summed length x of a contour line of a space S formed at a part at which the copper-based conductor exposed part and the aluminum-based conductor exposed part are separate in a joint interface of the ultrasonic joint part satisfy a relational expression of (x/L)×100≤10% based on cross-section observation.

A car window glass includes a glass plate having a conductor layer, a connection terminal, and a power line. The connection terminal includes metal-plate first and second join parts joined to the conductor layer via the first and second solder layers, a metal-plate bridge section connected to the first and second join parts and spaced apart from the conductor layer, and a fixing part for fixing the power line to a bridge section main surface. The power line extends from the fixing part along a glass plate main surface, and the side opposite of the side facing the glass plate main surface is free of the bridge section, and the starting point of the power line extending from the fixing part is positioned in the upper direction of a virtual line connecting the center portions of the first and second join parts with each other.

An electrical conductor, in particular a flat conductor, comprising at least one through opening, and a contact part connected to the conductor at the through opening in a substance-to-substance bond, the contact part having an axially extending first section and a radially extending second section, characterized in that the second section is formed as a flange and a side of the flange facing the conductor has a surface having at least one recess and/or at least one protrusion and a surface welded to the conductor.