Articles including a nickel-free coating and methods for applying coatings are described herein.

A terminal material for a connector terminal, using a copper or copper alloy substrate is crimped to an end of wire formed from an aluminum wire material; and a terminal using this terminal material: a zinc layer 4 that is formed of zinc or a zinc alloy and a tin layer 5 that is formed of tin or a tin alloy are sequentially laminated in this order on a substrate 2 that is formed of copper or a copper alloy: with respect to the zinc layer and the tin layer, the adhesion amount of tin contained in the whole layers is from 0.5 mg/cm.sup.2 to 7.0 mg/cm.sup.2 (inclusive) and the adhesion amount of zinc contained in the whole layers is from 0.07 mg/cm.sup.2 to 2.0 mg/cm.sup.2 (inclusive), and the content percentage of zinc in the vicinity of the surface is from 0.2% by mass to 10.0% by mass (inclusive).

A terminal material for a connector terminal, using a copper or copper alloy substrate is crimped to an end of wire formed from an aluminum wire material; and a terminal using this terminal material: a zinc layer 4 that is formed of zinc or a zinc alloy and a tin layer 5 that is formed of tin or a tin alloy are sequentially laminated in this order on a substrate 2 that is formed of copper or a copper alloy: with respect to the zinc layer and the tin layer, the adhesion amount of tin contained in the whole layers is from 0.5 mg/cm.sup.2 to 7.0 mg/cm.sup.2 (inclusive) and the adhesion amount of zinc contained in the whole layers is from 0.07 mg/cm.sup.2 to 2.0 mg/cm.sup.2 (inclusive), and the content percentage of zinc in the vicinity of the surface is from 0.2% by mass to 10.0% by mass (inclusive).

A device has a wiring terminal for connecting a busbar, the wiring terminal has a connecting rod, which partly inserts into the wiring terminal and has an interference fit with the wiring terminal, the connecting rod has a conductive first column portion that has an interference fit with the busbar, the first column portion axially arranges a conductive second column portion that has an interference fit with the first column portion, the second column portion is located inside of the first column portion, a thermal expansion coefficient of the second column portion is greater than that of the first column portion, a resistivity of the second column portion is greater than that of the first column portion, a material of the second column portion is an aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a material of the first column portion is a copper or a copper alloy.

A device has a wiring terminal for connecting a busbar, the wiring terminal has a connecting rod, which partly inserts into the wiring terminal and has an interference fit with the wiring terminal, the connecting rod has a conductive first column portion that has an interference fit with the busbar, the first column portion axially arranges a conductive second column portion that has an interference fit with the first column portion, the second column portion is located inside of the first column portion, a thermal expansion coefficient of the second column portion is greater than that of the first column portion, a resistivity of the second column portion is greater than that of the first column portion, a material of the second column portion is an aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a material of the first column portion is a copper or a copper alloy.

A harness 1 includes copper wires 10A and aluminum wires 10B. The copper wire 10A includes a copper core 11A. The aluminum wire 10B includes an aluminum core 11B made of a material different from that of the copper core 11A and having lower conductor strength than the copper core 11A. The copper cores 11A are multiply folded, and parts on tip sides serve as a bulky portion 11AE. The harness 1 includes a joined portion 20 formed by welding the copper cores 11A including the joined portion 11AE and the aluminum cores 11B. The joined portion 20 includes a first layer 21 constituted by the copper cores 11A including the bulky portion 11AE and a second layer 22 constituted by the aluminum cores 11B and overlaid on the first layer 21.

A conductor for a power transmission cable has a first conductor element and a second conductor element connected by a welding joint. The welding joint has a welding material alloy where the welding material alloy has an Al content of from 90% to 98% by weight, a Ni content of from 2% to 8% by weight, and a content of other metals and/or substances from 0% to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the welding material alloy, wherein the Al content, Ni content and content of other metals and/or substances sum up to 100% by weight.

A joint connector for connecting a first conductor of a first power cable length and a second conductor of a second power cable length, the first conductor including a first metal material and the second conductor including a second metal material, the second metal material being different from the first metal material, wherein the joint connector includes a tubular metal body being made of the second metal material and having a central axis extending from a first end of the metal body to a second end of the metal body, wherein the first end is provided with an axially extending opening adapted to receive the first conductor, and wherein the metal body includes at least one radially extending through-opening, connecting with the axially extending opening, the radially extending through-opening being adapted to receive at least one fastener for clamping the first conductor when received within the axially extending opening, and wherein the second end is a closed end, the closed end including an end face adapted to be welded to the second conductor.

The present invention relates to an electrical connection between a flat part and a connecting part, in which the flat part and the connecting part are arranged one above the other in an overlap region, in which the contact surface of the flat part facing the connecting part in the overlap region is structured in relief-like fashion and that the flat part is friction-welded, in particular ultrasonically welded, to the connecting part via the structured contact surface.

An objective of the present invention is to provide a terminal connecting structure which may enable the conductivity to be improved. A terminal connecting structure is intended for connecting a terminal to an electric wire, the electric wire including an aluminum conductor with aluminum, wherein the terminal connecting structure further comprises a conductive connection body formed with aluminum, wherein one end of the connection body is butt-connected to the aluminum conductor, and wherein another end of the connection body is connected to the terminal via crimping. This enables the terminal to be connected to the electric wire via the connection body without crimping the bundle of cores. This may eliminate influence of crimping on the aluminum conductor and enable the conductivity between the electric wire and the terminal to be improved.