A surgical stapling system including a shaft assembly transmits actuation motions from an actuator and an end effector compresses and staples tissue. The end effector comprises an elongated channel; an anvil having a staple forming surface is moveable relative to the elongated channel between an open position and a closed position; and a staple cartridge removably positioned within the elongated channel. The staple cartridge comprises a body having a tissue contacting surface in a confronting relationship with the staple forming surface; a plurality of staple drivers within the cartridge body each supporting a staple; and a tissue thickness compensator positionable between the anvil and the cartridge, the tissue thickness compensator is captured by the staples and assumes different compressed heights within the different staples. The tissue compensator comprises first conductive elements. The system determines properties of tissue compressed between the anvil and the cartridge.

A surgical stapling system including a shaft assembly transmits actuation motions from an actuator and an end effector compresses and staples tissue. The end effector comprises an elongated channel; an anvil having a staple forming surface is moveable relative to the elongated channel between an open position and a closed position; and a staple cartridge removably positioned within the elongated channel. The staple cartridge comprises a body having a tissue contacting surface in a confronting relationship with the staple forming surface; a plurality of staple drivers within the cartridge body each supporting a staple; and a tissue thickness compensator positionable between the anvil and the cartridge, the tissue thickness compensator is captured by the staples and assumes different compressed heights within the different staples. The tissue compensator comprises first conductive elements. The system determines properties of tissue compressed between the anvil and the cartridge.

An electrical circuit includes a contact with a pair of switchable electrodes, the contact configured to cycle through make and break transitions while conducting current. The electrical circuit further includes an arc suppressor, at least one sensor, and a controller circuit. The arc suppressor is coupled across the pair of switchable electrodes and is to extinguish an arc formed across the pair of switchable electrodes during the make and break transitions of the contact. The at least one sensor is coupled to the pair of switchable electrodes and is configured to generate sensor data. The controller circuit includes a plurality of registers and is configured to detect a fault condition associated with the contact based on the sensor data. The controller circuit further sequences contact opening of the contact based on the detected fault condition and a timing value stored in at least one register of the plurality of registers.

A breaker apparatus and an inverter system are configured to disconnect an electrical connection when a fault occurs in a protected circuit. The breaker apparatus is connected in series in a protected circuit, and is configured to disconnect the electrical connection when a fault occurs in the protected circuit. The breaker apparatus includes a first branch, and a second branch. The first branch includes an overcurrent-automatic-disconnection unit and a first current limiting unit that are connected in series, where the overcurrent-automatic-disconnection unit is configured to be automatically disconnected when a current flowing through the overcurrent-automatic-disconnection unit exceeds a breaking current threshold. The a second branch is configured to be open or closed under control of the controller. The controller is configured to control the first controllable switch unit to be closed when the protected circuit operates normally, and control the first controllable switch unit to be open when a fault occurs in the protected circuit.

The present disclosure relates to a recloser control that monitors compliance of a standard for distributed energy resources (DERs). For example, a method includes obtaining power system measurements between a microgrid and an area electronic power system (EPS). The method includes determining a rate of change of power (RoCoP) based on the power system measurements. The method includes determining that a DER exceeded a threshold of the area EPS based at least in part on the RoCoP. The method includes sending a signal indicating that the DER has violated the threshold.

A power contact fault clearing device includes a first pair of terminals adapted to be connected across a first set of switchable contacts, and a second pair of terminals adapted to be connected across a second set of switchable contacts. The second set of switchable contacts coupled to an arc suppressor. A current sensor is adapted to be connected between a power load and the second set of switchable contacts. The current sensor is configured to measure a power load current associated with the power load. A controller circuit is operatively coupled to the current sensor and the first and second pairs of terminals. The controller circuit is configured to detect a fault condition based at least on the power load current, and sequence deactivation of the first set of switchable contacts and the second set of switchable contacts based on the detected fault condition.

The invention relates to a circuit breaker for an electrical circuit. The circuit breaker (100) is arranged between a power supply (302) and a load (304), wherein the circuit breaker (100) comprises control means (104) configured to switch switching means (106) of the circuit breaker (100) between an ON-mode in which a current i is fed to the load (304), and an OFF-mode in which no current is fed to the load (304); wherein the control means (104) is configured to obtain a value of the current i fed to the load (304) when the switching means (106) is in the ON-mode; keep the switching means (106) in the ON-mode if the value of the current i is smaller than a switching current is of the circuit breaker (100); switch the switching means (106) into the OFF-mode if the value of the current i is larger than the switching current is of the circuit breaker (100); and switch the switching means (106) from the OFF-mode back into the ON-mode after a first time interval Furthermore, the invention also relates to a circuit and a method.

A power supply system includes: a battery; a master device supplied with power from the battery; and a slave device supplied with power from the master device via a first power supply line. The slave device supplies power to a load via a second power supply line. The master device estimates a temperature of the second power supply line. When the estimated temperature of the second power supply line is higher than a second cutoff threshold, power supply via the second power supply line is cut off.

A system and method for fault location and isolation in an electrical power distribution network, where the network includes a plurality of switching devices provided along a feeder. The method includes detecting an overcurrent event in the network from the fault and interrupting the overcurrent event by opening and then immediately locking out or subsequently reclosing and testing the fault. A count value is increased in each switching device that detected the overcurrent event. A count and current (C&I) message is sent from each of the switching devices that detected the overcurrent event and then detected the loss of voltage upstream to an upstream neighbor switching device. Current measurements in the C&I messages, measured current by the devices and the counts values in the devices determine what devices are opened to isolate the fault.

A method for fault location and isolation in a power distribution network, where the network includes a plurality of switching devices provided along a feeder, and at least one of the switching devices does not have voltage sensing capabilities. The method includes detecting an overcurrent event in the network from the fault and interrupting the overcurrent event by opening and then immediately locking out or subsequently reclosing and testing the fault. A count value is increased in each switching device that detected the overcurrent event. A message is sent from each of the switching devices that detected the overcurrent event and then detected the loss of voltage upstream to an upstream neighbor switching device. Current measurements in the messages, measured current by the devices and the counts values in the devices determine what devices are opened to isolate the fault.