An electrical system may include an ECU and a power distribution circuit that may include a first portion and a second portion. The first portion may be configured to combine a first power input and a second power input into a power output. The second portion may be configured to provide the combined power output to a plurality of loads. The first portion may include a first section, a second section, and an output section. The output section may be connected to the second portion. The first section and the second section may be connected in parallel to the output section. The first section may include a first semiconductor device and a first switch disposed in series. The second section may include a second semiconductor device and a second switch disposed in series. The ECU may be configured to detect and mitigate a thermal hazard in the power distribution circuit.

A relay temperature measuring device is provided. The device includes a sensor that measures an output of a battery and generates output measurement information and one or more relays that are disposed on a conductive line between the battery and a load. Additionally, a controller compares a relay temperature calculated using both-end measurement power information generated by measuring both ends of a conductor in a vehicle and the output measurement information with a preset temperature reference value, and connects or disconnects the relays based on a comparison result.

The present invention relates to a semiconductor device and it is an object of the present invention to provide a semiconductor device that makes it easy to change a specification on driving of a power semiconductor element or control of a protection operation thereof. The semiconductor device includes a power semiconductor element, a main electrode terminal of the power semiconductor element, a sensor section that emits a signal corresponding to a physical state of the power semiconductor element, a sensor signal terminal connected to the sensor section, a drive terminal that supplies power to drive the power semiconductor element and a case that accommodates the power semiconductor element, the main electrode terminal, the sensor section, the sensor signal terminal and the drive terminal, and the sensor signal terminal and the drive terminal are provided so as to be connectable from outside the case.

An example method may include generating an alternating current (AC) output at a power source within a borehole in a subterranean formation. An electrical component may receive a direct current (DC) output from a converter circuit coupled to the power source and the electrical component. One or more measurements corresponding to the power source, the converter circuit, the electrical component, or a protection circuit coupled to the converter circuit may be received. Blocking devices within the protection circuit may be selectively caused to block current flow in the converter circuit based, at least in part, on the one or more received measurements.

A protective device includes a first fuse circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, and a second fuse circuit. The first fuse circuit prevents a flow of a line current from a voltage terminal to the electrical load when the line current reaches a first nominal current. The overvoltage protection circuit is connected downstream of the first fuse circuit and upstream of the electrical load, and is adapted to electrically connect two poles of the voltage terminal when a voltage at the voltage terminal reaches a first voltage limit to force the line current to the first nominal current such that the first fuse circuit is triggered. The second fuse circuit is connected downstream of the overvoltage protection circuit and upstream of the electrical load, and prevents flow of the line current when the line current reaches a second nominal current, wherein the second nominal current is based on the electrical load.

A protective device includes a first fuse circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, and a second fuse circuit. The first fuse circuit interrupts a flow of a line current from a voltage terminal to the electrical load when an intensity of the line current reaches a first current intensity limit value. The overvoltage protection circuit electrically connects poles of the voltage terminal when a first voltage limit value of a voltage is reached on the first fuse circuit to force the line current to reach the first current intensity limit value. The second fuse circuit activates the overvoltage protection circuit when a second voltage limit value of a voltage on the second fuse circuit is reached to electrically connect the poles of the voltage terminal. The second voltage limit value is based at least in part on a nominal voltage of the electrical load.

A system for energy metering with temperature monitoring.

A relay temperature measuring device is provided. The device includes a sensor that measures an output of a battery and generates output measurement information and one or more relays that are disposed on a conductive line between the battery and a load. Additionally, a controller compares a relay temperature calculated using both-end measurement power information generated by measuring both ends of a conductor in a vehicle and the output measurement information with a preset temperature reference value, and connects or disconnects the relays based on a comparison result.

A personal electronic device can include a main printed circuit board having disposed thereon a processing unit, one or more auxiliary circuits coupled to the main printed circuit board by one or more corresponding flexible printed circuits and one or more temperature sensors disposed on one of the flexible printed circuits. A processing unit of the portable electronic device can be configured to monitor the one or more temperature sensors, provide a warning in response to a monitored temperature exceeding a first threshold, and to cause a shutdown of at least a portion of the personal electronic device in response to the monitored temperature exceeding a second threshold. The temperature sensors can be negative temperature coefficient resistors.

A system for energy metering with temperature monitoring.