An apparatus includes at least one fuse clearing switch operable to create a fault on at least one AC line between a fuse and a transformer of a substation. The apparatus further includes a control system configured to be coupled to an arc detector and to operate the at least one fuse clearing switch responsive to a control signal produced by the arc detector.

The present application provides an electric protection circuit, which relates to the field of battery power. The electric protection circuit includes a battery pack, a main positive switch, a load device and a main negative switch connected in series. The main positive switch and/or the main negative switch include at least one semiconductor switch. The main positive switch and/or the main negative switch in the electric protection circuit are connected in parallel to a protection module, which absorbs electric energy across two terminals of the main positive switch and/or the main negative switch when the main positive switch and/or the main negative switch are turned off. The technical solution of the present application can improve the safety of the electric protection circuit.

Improved overcurrent detection and mitigation systems, methods, and techniques for a BMS are described herein. A BMS monitor may detect an overcurrent using two different techniques. The first technique may detect an overcurrent based on average power over different, overlapping time periods. The second technique may detect an overcurrent based on determining a modeled junction temperature of a switching device.

An electrical circuit breaker system including an input terminal connecting an electrical current source and a plurality of output terminals for connecting electrical loads. Each output terminal includes an electrical switch and a current measuring unit. The circuit breaker system includes a current acquiring unit for acquiring current magnitudes measured at the output terminals and for determining a total current magnitude. A temperature acquiring unit acquires a temperature, and a computing unit is configured to determine a total current limit as a function of the acquired temperature. Further, a control unit is configured to select one of the plurality of output terminals based on a ranking of the output terminals and to interrupt the current supply at the selected output terminal by means of the corresponding electrical switch when the total current magnitude exceeds the determined total current limit.

Improved overcurrent detection and mitigation systems, methods, and techniques for a BMS are described herein. A BMS monitor may detect an overcurrent using two different techniques. The first technique may detect an overcurrent based on average power over different, overlapping time periods. The second technique may detect an overcurrent based on determining a modeled junction temperature of a switching device.

A method for diagnosing failure of a current breaking device 21A included in a power supply system 12 of a vehicle 1 includes: a supply step of supplying power to a first electric load 11 and a first energy storage apparatus 13 by a power supply apparatus 14; a command step of commanding the current breaking device 21A to perform cutoff while power is supplied from the power supply apparatus 14 to the first electric load 11 and the first energy storage apparatus 13; and a determination step of measuring a charge current of a secondary battery 20A by a current sensor 21B while the cutoff is commanded to the current breaking device 21A, and determining presence or absence of failure of the current breaking device 21A based on a measured current value.

A switch identification circuit is provided. The switch identification circuit includes a detecting unit, a control unit, a connection unit, a first connection terminal, and a second connection terminal. The detecting unit is coupled with the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal, and configured to detect voltages at the two connection terminals to output a detection signal. The connection unit is electrically coupled with a power-supply device configured to provide a driving voltage to the two connection terminals. The control unit is coupled with the detecting unit and the connection unit, and configured to determine whether the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal are short-circuited according to the detection signal. If the two connection terminals are short-circuited, the control unit is configured to output a connection-enabling signal to the connection unit, to make the connection unit control the power-supply device to stop supplying the driving voltage.

A solenoid operated circuit comprises a solenoid switch having a solenoid coil for moving one or more electrical contacts from a first position to a second position to switch an electrical motor ON/OFF, and a solenoid controller that includes an arc suppression circuit that mitigates a reverse self-induced voltage from the electrical motor thereby suppressing electrical arcing on switch contacts.

Systems and methods for improving control of an internal arc fault in equipment. The equipment includes a bus configured to provide three-phase power from an incoming line. Furthermore, the equipment includes a current loop formed from a first conductor and a second conductor, where current is received from the bus. The current loop uses electromagnetic forces of a short-circuit current caused by an internal arcing fault of the equipment to move the first and second conductors relative to each other. In response to the movement of the first and second conductors, the current loop creates a gap between the first and second conductors where a new arc ignites at the gap. In this manner, the loop design takes advantage of the natural electromagnetic force to reduce the arc energy at the point of initiation and relocates the energy release point to an exhaust vent of the equipment.

A method for determining phase locking of critical arc light includes: step 1: monitoring and collecting light radiation intensity of an arc inside a switch cabinet in real time, and converting the collected light radiation intensity into an electrical signal; step 2: extracting a power-frequency fundamental wave of the electrical signal, comparing an amplitude of the power-frequency fundamental wave of the electrical signal with a first threshold, and generating a pre-warning signal based on a comparison result of the first threshold; step 3: comparing the amplitude of the power-frequency fundamental wave of the electrical signal with a second threshold voltage, and generating a control signal based on a comparison result of the second threshold voltage and a protection time threshold; and step 4: protecting the switch cabinet under the critical arc light environment based on the pre-warning signal and the control signal.