Systems and methods are described herein to accommodate different settings associated with a converter-based electric power generator and an inverter-based electric power generator for electric power generation within an electric power delivery system. The electric power delivery system may provide electric power generated by a bulk electric system to the loads via distributed substations using a first operating frequency. Moreover, the distributed substations may include inverter-based electric power generators to supply the electric power demand of downstream loads in an islanded configuration. That said, the inverter-based electric power generators may supply the electric power using a second frequency that is higher than the first frequency. Protective systems, positioned downstream from the distributed substations, may use different settings associated with the bulk electric system or the inverter-based electric power generators based on detecting the frequency of the supplied electric power.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for identifying a fault using systems and methods for a controlled dynamic MHO characteristic. Particularly, the systems and methods described herein may automatically control the dynamic expansion of the MHO characteristic based on the estimation of uncontrolled dynamic MHO expansion estimation and maximum allowable expansion set by a user. This may provide flexibility in that, the MHO can be allowed to expand to a maximum level, when the estimated MHO expansion value is below the user defined maximum allowable expansion level, but also provides a controlled dynamic MHO when the estimated values are above the maximum allowable level.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for identifying a fault using systems and methods for a controlled dynamic MHO characteristic. Particularly, the systems and methods described herein may automatically control the dynamic expansion of the MHO characteristic based on the estimation of uncontrolled dynamic MHO expansion estimation and maximum allowable expansion set by a user. This may provide flexibility in that, the MHO can be allowed to expand to a maximum level, when the estimated MHO expansion value is below the user defined maximum allowable expansion level, but also provides a controlled dynamic MHO when the estimated values are above the maximum allowable level.

A direct current electrical network includes nodes linked by branches and protection elements mounted on the branches, each protection element includes a central processing unit, a current sensor, a current limiter device and a circuit breaking device, wherein: the current sensor is configured to determine the direction of the current in the branch relative to the node with which said protection element is associated; the central processing unit is configured to select, as a function of the direction of the current, a selected threshold value as one of a first value or a second threshold value greater than the first threshold value in absolute value, and to compare the value of the intensity of the current to the selected threshold value; and the current limiter device is bidirectional and is configured to limit the current passing through the branch to the selected threshold value.

Provided is a nano grid protection device for a nano grid including a distributed power supply, a large power grid including the nano grid protection device, and a method for controlling the nano grid protection device. In an embodiment, the nano grid is connected with a bus through the nano grid protection device and a main grid is connected with the bus through a main grid protection device. In an embodiment, the nano grid protection device includes: a signal unit, configured to detect and send current information passing through the nano grid protection device, the current information including the magnitude and direction of the current; a controller, configured to determine, based upon the received current information, whether to send a trip signal or not; and an execution mechanism, configured to execute a trip operation of the nano grid protection device upon receiving the trip signal.

A system and method for controlling an operation of devices in a power distribution network. The method determines that there is a power loss in the network as a result of a fault and one or more teams is not receiving power and performs a switching process in switching devices to prevent fault current from flowing to the fault. The method initiates a power restoration process to control the open and closed status of switching devices to isolate the fault and performs the power restoration process by the leader device in a division that the fault is occurring that includes opening and closing switching devices so that power is provided to all of the teams except the team that the fault is in. The method reconfigures the divisions based on which switching devices are now open and selects new leader devices based on the reconfiguration of the divisions.

A system and method for restoring power in a power distribution network. The network includes at least two power sources, at least one feeder and a plurality of switching devices positioned along the at least one feeder and being in communications with each other. The method determines that one or more of network sections is not receiving power, and determining a plurality of possible power restoration solutions that identify what sections each of the power sources that are available to provide power can provide power to based on a power capacity of the sources and a load requirement of the sections. The method applies predetermined selection criteria to the plurality of possible solutions to determine which of the possible solutions will be used as an actual solution, and selectively switches the switching devices between open and closed states to apply the actual solution.

A system and method for restoring power in a closed-loop power distribution network. The network includes at least two power sources, at least one feeder and a plurality of switching devices positioned along the at least one feeder and being in communications with each other. The method performs a radial restoration process for restoring power and then determines that at least one of the sections is not receiving power after the radial restoration process has been performed. The method estimates power flow through each switching device and determines an available power capacity from each switching device. The method then determines if the unpowered sections can be powered by any of their neighbor and non-neighbor devices. The method virtually closes the switching devices to power the unpowered sections and updates the estimation of power flow through each switching device and determination of available power capacity from each switching device.

In a power supply system, a first route includes a first power supply connected to a first load. A second route includes a second power supply connected to a second load. A connection path connects the first and second routes at a connection point. The first power supply includes a voltage generator generating an operating voltage operating the first and second loads. The second power supply includes an electrical storage device charging based on power supplied from the voltage generator. A switching circuit includes a first switch having a diode component with an anode and a cathode being directed to the electrical storage device and the connection path, respectively, and is disposed between the connection point and the electrical storage device. A switch state controller outputs a switch-off command to the first switch when the electrical storage device is in the fully charged condition.

The present invention discloses a DC solid-state circuit breaker with self-adapt fault current limiting capability. The topology of the DC solid-state circuit breaker is a H-bridge circuit consisting of two unidirectional breakable bridge arms and two series-connected diode bridge arms, wherein the two unidirectional breakable bridge arms are connected in series to the two series-connected diode bridge arms in a same direction to form two series branches, respectively; the series branches are connected in parallel; a series branch formed by a DC reactor L and a DC biased power supply is connected to the PCC between the two unidirectional breakable bridge arms and the PCC between the two series-connected diode bridge arms; the DC line is connected to the two PCCs, respectively.