A composite circuit protection device includes a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) component, first and second conductive leads, a solder and a diode component that is connected to the PTC component through the solder. The solder includes a first alloy material having a first melting point, and a second alloy material having a second melting point that is lower than the first melting point. Each of the first and second melting points is independently greater than 190° C. and not greater than 308° C. The first and second conductive leads are respectively bonded to the PTC component and the diode component.

The present disclosure relates to a power supply device for a protective relay. The power supply device comprises a power circuit for supplying a power to the control circuit, wherein the power circuit includes: a semiconductor switch element having an input terminal connected to a first node for receiving a direct current, and an output terminal connected to a reference node, wherein the reference node has a voltage lower than a voltage of the first node; and a first voltage drop element disposed between the first node and a second node, wherein the second node is connected to a switching terminal of the semiconductor switch element.

An over-current protection device includes first and second electrodes and a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) multilayered structure disposed between the first and second electrodes. The PTC multilayered structure includes a first polymer layer that is bonded to the first electrode, an intermediate layered unit that is bonded to said first polymer layer and that includes a second polymer layer, a third polymer layer that is bonded to and disposed between the intermediate layered unit and the second electrode. The first, second and third polymer layers respectively have first, second and third volume resistances, the second volume resistance being higher than the first and third volume resistances.

A circuit arrangement for protection against an undue overheating of a charging control, discharging control and/or a secondary battery is disclosed, the circuit arrangement comprising the secondary battery, the charging and/or discharging control for charging and/or discharging the secondary battery, a connector for connecting the charging and discharging control to an external power supply, at least one current limiting electronic component arranged in electrical connection to the charging and/or discharging control and optionally, a switchable load.

An electronic device includes an exterior portion of a conductive material, a circuit portion including circuit elements, and a protection circuit portion connected between the exterior portion and the circuit portion. The protection circuit portion includes a switching unit to intercept leakage current that flows from the circuit portion and leaks to the exterior portion, and a conversion unit to reduce a voltage level of an electrostatic component that flows through the exterior portion and to transfer the electrostatic component to the switching unit.

A protection and attenuation circuit for sensitive AC loads is described. The circuit provides AC power protection and attenuation utilizing high-efficiency switch-mode techniques to attenuate an AC power signal by incorporating a bidirectional, transistorized switch driven from a pulse width modulation signal, PWM. The circuit monitors characteristics of the AC power signal driving a known load and characteristics of the load or other elements and determines the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal, PWM, based upon the duration and amplitude of the over-voltage, over-current, over-limit or other event.

An energy efficient under-cabinet lighting system with a low profile switch mode power supply complying with Class 2 requirements. This power source is enclosed in a container to provide constant current to an array of light emitting diodes LEDs that are characterized by long life and low power usage. The system is designed to replace existing under-cabinet fluorescent lamp fixtures. A diffuser minimizes pixelization. The unit is also equipped with a safe-charge USB port that can safely charge lithium-ion batteries of accessories like tablets and cellphones with no danger of overheating their batteries.

A system (10) for converting power comprising a plurality of modules (14) connected in series and having each at least one DC power source. Storage devices (18) are provided with each module (14) to store power from the power source and voltage control circuitry (19) in each module (14) connects the storage device between a maximum module voltage, a minimum module voltage to create a stepwise approximation of a mains signal. A compensator unit (20) is provided in series with the modules (14) including a storage device charged by the power sources. While each of the modules (14) is supplying either its maximum or minimum voltage to the system a control unit ramps up or down the voltage between the input and output of the compensator unit (20) to follow the desired AC signal. When the control unit operates a module (14) to vary the supplied voltage from either zero to the maximum or minimum values, or vice versa, the control unit applies via compensator voltage control circuitry a corresponding but opposed change in the voltage supplied by the compensator unit (20).

A voltage source converter, for interconnecting electrical networks, comprises a converter structure which includes a terminal for connection to the first electrical network and a terminal for connection to the second electrical network. The converter structure also includes at least one module that is connected between the terminals. The module includes at least one energy storage device and at least one switching element. The energy storage element and switching element are operable to selectively provide a voltage source. The converter structure still further includes an integrated passive fault current limiter that is configured to present a first impedance to a normal current flowing in the voltage source converter during normal operation of the voltage source converter, and is configured to present a second impedance to a fault current flowing in the voltage source converter during a fault condition. The first impedance is lower than the second impedance.

The present invention relates to a positive temperature coefficient composition comprising a semi-crystalline material, at least one binder, from 0.5 to 9.5% by weight of an electronically conductive material and a solvent. Furthermore, the present invention relates to use of a positive temperature coefficient composition according to the present invention in heating elements and sensors. A positive temperature coefficient composition according to the present invention provides low and stable resistance till self-regulating temperature, which allows fast heating of the heating element. Furthermore, the positive temperature coefficient composition according to the present invention has high PTC ration and therefore, has higher safety and more power can be applied to the heating element.