An electronic apparatus is provided. The electronic apparatus according to an embodiment includes a main circuit unit, a power source supplier configured to generate power, and supply the generated power to the main circuit unit, and a surge protector disposed between the main circuit unit and the power source supplier, the surge protector being configured to, based on a surge occurring from the power source supplier, perform a clamping operation on power output from the power source supplier at a first voltage level, wherein the power source supplier is further configured to, based on the clamping operation of the surge protector at the first voltage level being stopped, perform a clamping operation on the generated power at a second voltage level greater than the first voltage level.

Methods, systems, and apparatuses are disclosed for reducing geomagnetically-induced currents. The method includes connecting a plurality of switching devices at a neutral grounding connection point of at least one transformer bank. In a system having two terminals, the method includes grounding one transformer bank through a switch so as to reduce geomagnetically induced current. In a system having more than two terminals, the method includes grounding transformer banks through multiple switches, where the reduction is performed independently for each transformer bank. The method further involves determining a switching frequency and a duty cycle based on an evaluation of factors including effectiveness and fault current detection.

A disconnecting device for interrupting current, in particular of a circuit breaker, having a switch and a voltage limiter connected in parallel to the switch. The voltage limiter has a number of parallel-connected phases, each phase including a resistor. At least one of the phases includes a switching element, which is connected in series to the resistor of the phase.

A method for reducing and/or managing energy-related stress in an electrical system includes processing electrical measurement data from or derived from energy-related signals captured by at least one intelligent electronic device (IED) in the electrical system to identify and track at least one energy-related transient in the electrical system. An impact of the at least one energy-related transient on equipment in the electrical system is quantified, and one or more transient-related alarms are generated in response to the impact of the at least one energy-related transient being near, within or above a predetermined range of the stress tolerance of the equipment. The transient-related alarms are prioritized based in part on at least one of the stress tolerance of the equipment, the stress associated with one or more transient events, and accumulated energy-related stress on the equipment. One or more actions are taken in the electrical system in response to the transient-related alarms to reduce energy-related stress on the equipment in the electrical system.

A method for reducing and/or managing energy-related stress in an electrical system includes processing electrical measurement data from or derived from energy-related signals captured by at least one intelligent electronic device (IED) in the electrical system to identify and track at least one energy-related transient in the electrical system. An impact of the at least one energy-related transient on equipment in the electrical system is quantified, and one or more transient-related alarms are generated in response to the impact of the at least one energy-related transient being near, within or above a predetermined range of the stress tolerance of the equipment. The transient-related alarms are prioritized based in part on at least one of the stress tolerance of the equipment, the stress associated with one or more transient events, and accumulated energy-related stress on the equipment. One or more actions are taken in the electrical system in response to the transient-related alarms to reduce energy-related stress on the equipment in the electrical system.

The invention disclosure relates to a space-limited protection module with at least two overvoltage protection elements in parallel current branches, where the protection module includes a local multistage indicator for indicating at least one operating state, a warning state and a defect state, and where the parallel switched overvoltage protection elements are arranged on a circuit board in electrical connection to conductor tracks of the circuit board and attached in a thermally softenable manner.

A safe energy supply unit (1) and system, for supplying an electrical device (8) in an explosion-proof area, transmits power from an energy source (9), including a plurality of galvanically isolated individual sources, with a multiple line connection (2) with a plurality of galvanically isolated and individually shielded conductor pairs (31, 32, 33, 34). A collector device (4), in an explosion-proof jacket (5) at an end of the multiple line (3), has uncoupling devices (45) for the galvanically isolated conductor pairs and a combiner circuit (47, 49) that combines the transmitted electric power from each line into a global power. The global power is outputted at an output (48) of the collector device to the electrical device. The conductor pairs allow for an increased global power, which is scalable, safely transmittable, with standard, conductor pairs. The electrical device is intrinsically safely supplied with high power with minimal effort.

Systems and methods described herein provide a sensor integrated circuit (IC) having a high voltage bi-directional current source and disconnect switch that are configured to suppress undesirable voltage artifacts. The sensor IC can include a power pin for coupling to an external power supply, a reference pin, and a functional circuit. The bi-directional current source can be disposed in a current path between the power pin and an energy storage device and be configured to control a current flow to the energy storage device and a current flow from the energy storage device.

An electronic apparatus is provided. The electronic apparatus includes: a main circuit; and a power supply circuit configured to receive external power from an external power supply and supply operating power to the main circuit. The power supply circuit includes: a converter; and a lightning protection circuit that includes: a varistor configured to have a first rated voltage corresponding to a breakdown voltage of a device of the converter; and a surge arrester connected in series to the varistor and configured to have a second rated voltage, and based on the external power being higher than the first rated voltage of the varistor, the varistor is clamped so that a voltage applied to the converter does not exceed the first rated voltage, and based on a voltage applied to the surge arrester being equal to or higher than the second rated voltage, the surge arrester is short-circuited.

Example devices and methods for compensating for monitoring a surge protection device are provided. In some embodiments, a device is configured to couple to a surge protection device. The device comprises a processor that is capable of sending a DC current signal. A serial data interface is electrically connected to the processor and includes at least one shift register. The device also comprises a multiplexer coupled to the serial data interface. The serial data interface is operable to direct the DC current through the multiplexer. The device also comprises an analog to digital converter (optionally embedded within the processor) that is operable to output a digital signal corresponding to a voltage induced by the DC current signal. Returned DC signals represent surge protection device's health and a multitude of other surge module information.