A DC-DC converter includes a first half-bridge circuit, a second half-bridge circuit, at least one transformer having at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding, wherein the first and second half-bridge circuits are designed to generate an AC voltage at the at least one primary winding, and a rectifier circuit having an output terminal. The output terminal includes a first output terminal pole and a second output terminal pole. The rectifier circuit includes at least one rectifier element. The rectifier circuit is designed to rectify a voltage present at the at least one secondary winding and to output it at the output terminal. The rectifier circuit includes a polarity reversal protection transistor, the collector-emitter path of which or the drain-source path of which is looped in between a terminal of the at least one rectifier element and the first or the second output terminal pole of the output terminal.

Provided are a motor driving control apparatus and a steering system. The motor driving control apparatus includes an inverter circuit configured to supply a motor driving power to a motor for steering assist, a motor control circuit configured to control operation of the inverter circuit according to whether a control power is input, and a switch circuit configured to control whether to input the control power to the motor control circuit in response to a control signal. When a failure occurs inside or outside the steering system, the apparatus and steering system can immediately stop motor driving for steering assist and thereby prevent a vehicle accident.

A battery reverse polarity protection circuit is disclosed. The battery reverse polarity protection circuit includes a field effect transistor (FET) coupled to a control circuit. The FET is configured to transmit an input voltage from a normal-polarity-connected battery to an output terminal, and block the input voltage from a reverses polarity-connected battery to the output terminal. The control circuit is coupled to the input terminal, the output terminal, and a common terminal and is configured to detect, during transmission of the input voltage from the normal-polarity-connected battery to the output terminal, that the input voltage is less than an output voltage, indicating onset of an abnormal operating mode, and turn off the FET to prevent the output voltage from being affected by the input voltage during the abnormal operating mode.

A power switch capable of preventing a reverse connection is provided. The power switch includes a switch that is configured to supply power of a battery to a load or block the power of the battery and a protector that is connected to an output terminal of the switch and blocks the power applied from the battery when the battery is reversely connected and a driver is configured to operate a driving of the switch and the protector.

A protection circuit includes: a high-side switch connected to a power terminal to which a predetermined power supply voltage VBB is supplied from an onboard battery; and an NMOS transistor MT1 connected to the high-side switch and configured to prevent an electrical conduction to the high-side switch when the onboard battery is reverse-connected to the power terminal, wherein a semiconductor integrated circuit is protected from a breakdown due to the reverse connection of the external power supply. A semiconductor integrated circuit apparatus includes the above-mentioned protection circuit configured to protect a semiconductor integrated circuit connected between the power terminal and the ground terminal, from an electro-static discharge breakdown. The protection circuit is connected to the clamp circuit unit inserted between the power terminal and the ground terminal, and is configured to protect the clamp circuit unit from a breakdown when the external power supply is reverse-connected.

In an embodiment, set forth by way of example and not limitation, an integrated circuit includes charge pump circuitry formed on an integrated circuit (IC) chip, a first protective circuit formed on the integrated circuit chip and coupling the first output node to a first IC port, a second protective circuit formed on the integrated circuit chip and coupling the second output node to a second IC port, and a third protective circuit formed on the integrated circuit chip and coupling the power input node to a power input IC port.

A fall-off protection and reverse-connection protection system and method for a connecting clamp of an automobile starting power supply. The system has an internal battery, a switching circuit, an access device, a connecting clamp, an MCU control circuit, a voltage division circuit for external battery detection, an output connecting clamp current detection circuit and an anti-reverse-connection protection circuit. In the method, voltage conditions of an external power supply can be effectively detected and different operating actions are taken based on the voltage conditions of the external power supply, thus ensuring normal startup.

A semiconductor device capable of preventing deterioration of a transistor caused by a flow of an overcurrent is provided. According to an embodiment, a semiconductor chip includes a first transistor provided between a high-potential side voltage terminal to which a constant voltage generated by reducing a power-supply voltage is supplied and an output terminal, a second transistor provided between a low-potential side voltage terminal to which a ground voltage is supplied and the output terminal, a control circuit controlling turning-on/off of the first and second transistors, a boosting circuit boosting the power-supply voltage by using a voltage of the output terminal to generate an output voltage, and an overvoltage detection circuit detecting an overvoltage of a power-supply line that couples the high-potential side voltage terminal and the first transistor to each other. The control circuit performs control to turn off the second transistor, when the overvoltage has been detected.

In a reverse connection protection circuit, a protection element enters a conductive state when the power source is electrically connected in a forward direction to a load-side circuit and enters a non-conductive state when the power source is electrically connected in a reverse direction to the load-side circuit. The protection element has a first terminal electrically connected to a power source-side terminal of, and a second terminal electrically connected to a load-side terminal of the switching element. A booster circuit is electrically connected to the load-side terminal to supply a boosted voltage of more than a power source voltage to the load-side terminal. A voltage detection part is connected to the load-side terminal to detect an output voltage of the switching element. A judgment part is connected to the voltage detection part to detect a switching element failure based of the voltage detected by the voltage detection part.

A host electronic device may be coupled to an accessory electronic device. The host device and the accessory device may be connected via power supply lines and user data lines. If the host and accessory devices are improperly connected or if the accessory device is exposed to an incorrect voltage environment, the internal circuitry on the accessory device can be damaged. The accessory device may therefore include a reverse voltage protection circuit that can help prevent a large amount of current from inadvertently flowing into the accessory device. The protection circuit may include a low-side-enabled reverse current protection switch coupled between the external and internal ground terminals and also a single low-drop switch coupled to each of the user data lines. The low-drop switch will be activated whenever the voltage at the external ground terminal exceeds the voltage at the data line to help deactivate low-side-enabled reverse current protection switch.