The present invention provides a battery control system for controlling a battery pack that is formed by a plurality of battery cells. The battery control system comprises: a detecting circuit for detecting at least one operation parameter of the battery pack; an activating circuit, which receives the at least one operation parameter from the detecting circuit, for generating a first control signal when the detected at least one operation parameter exceeds or is below at least one critical-level threshold; a supervision unit, which receives the at least one operation parameter from the detecting circuit, for managing the battery pack and generating a second control signal when the at least one operational parameter exceeds or below at least one cap-level threshold; a switching circuit, which receives the first control signal from the activating circuit and/or the second control signal from the supervision unit, for connecting the battery pack to and disconnecting the battery pack from an power output in response to the first control signal and/or the second control signal.

Module-based energy systems are provided having multiple converter-source modules. The converter-source modules can each include an energy source and a converter. The systems can further include control circuitry for the modules. The modules can be arranged in various ways to provide single phase AC, multi-phase AC, and/or DC outputs. Each module can be independently monitored and controlled.

A control system is disclosed that includes a room controller transmitting signals to both a shade control network and a light control network, directing that motorized roller shades and dimmable lights be set to desired intensity levels. The control system further includes an intelligent hub that provides a trickle-charge re-charge current via power-over-Ethernet cables to batteries associated with each of the motorized roller shades for re-charging the batteries, thereby eliminating power supplies being installed within walls. The intelligent hub provides for communication with the room controller based on streaming protocol and with the shade control network based on event-based protocol. A computer running user-interface software can be connected to the system to facilitate programming.

A battery system includes battery modules connected in parallel Each battery modules includes a battery, a first and second output terminals, a switch arrangement connected between the battery and the first output terminal, and a battery manager. The battery manager is to detect a current of the battery, determine whether an overcurrent condition exists based on the detected current, and control the switch arrangement. The battery manager to transmit module state information to the battery managers in remaining ones of the battery modules, and the battery managers in the battery modules control their switch arrangements based on the module state information.

A method is provided for controlling electrical components in a vehicle including multiple traction voltage systems, wherein each traction voltage system includes at least one electrical component, and which electrical component has the same function in each traction voltage system, the method involving the steps of monitoring and registering the state of health of each electrical component over time; predicting a predetermined parameter for each electrical component, which parameter is related to a future operating state inhibiting the use of the components; determining a control strategy for each electrical component based on the state of health of the electrical components to balance the parameters towards a common value; and controlling the electrical components based on the determined control strategy.

The present disclosure discloses a smart battery, an electric energy allocation bus system, a battery charging and discharging method and an electric energy allocation method. The smart battery internally comprises a battery body portion and a control unit. The smart battery can collect various data of the battery, can be communicated with other smart batteries in a battery pack of a same group and a battery pack control system, and can realize electric quantity transfer among smart batteries of the same group through the electric quantity allocation bus, and realize electric quantity transfer among some batteries of a battery pack accessed to the electric energy allocation bus. Besides, controllable processes of charging and discharging, that is, active balanced charging and discharging, can be realized.

A cascaded conversion system and a voltage equalizing control method thereof are provided. The cascaded conversion system includes a plurality of conversion circuits connected in cascade. Each conversion circuit includes a DC-side capacitor, a switching unit and a control unit. The DC-side capacitors of the conversion circuits are electrically connected in series. In each conversion circuit, the switching unit is connected to the DC-side capacitor in parallel and includes a plurality of bridge arms. Each bridge arm includes a first switch and a second switch. The control unit controls the switches according to the voltage across the DC-side capacitor. The control unit controls the first and second switches to be turned on alternately. All the first switches are turned on and off simultaneously, and all the second switches are turned on and off simultaneously, thereby making the voltages across the DC-side capacitors of the conversion circuits equal.

A control system for a vehicle for optimizing the energy efficiency of a rechargeable electric battery system and/or for optimizing the lifetime of a rechargeable electric battery. The rechargeable electric battery system comprising: the rechargeable electric battery, a temperature management system for the rechargeable electric battery and one or more sensors for measuring one or more characteristics relating to the rechargeable electric battery. The control system comprising a control unit configured and arranged to receive data from the one or more sensors and being coupled to the temperature management system. The control unit being configured and arranged to determine in dependence upon data received from the one or more sensors, a time-weighted-average state-of-health of the rechargeable electric battery. In dependence upon the determined time-weighted-average state-of-health of the rechargeable electric battery, the control unit is configured and arranged to manage the temperature management system and thereby manage the temperature of the rechargeable electric battery for optimizing the energy efficiency of the rechargeable electric battery system and/or for optimizing the lifetime of the rechargeable electric battery.

A method of operating a machine battery system having multiple battery packs connectable in parallel includes bringing a first battery pack with the highest offline pack voltage online for discharging, including a pack controller circuit of the first battery pack bringing one or more individual battery strings of the first battery pack online; bringing a next battery pack with a next highest offline pack voltage online when the next highest offline pack voltage is within a predetermined discharge threshold voltage of a load voltage, including the pack controller circuit bringing one or more individual battery strings of the next battery pack online; and waiting to bring the next battery pack online, when the next highest offline pack voltage is less than a predetermined discharge threshold voltage of the load voltage, until the next highest offline pack voltage is within the predetermined discharge threshold voltage.

An apparatus and a method for balancing batteries connected in parallel are provided. The apparatus collects States Of Charge (SOCs) of at least two or more battery packs, determines whether the at least two or more battery packs enter a balancing mode based on the collected SOCs of the at least two or more battery packs, determines a balancing control mode based on a vehicle state, when it is determined that the at least two or more battery packs enter the balancing mode, and controls a relay of at least one of the at least two or more battery packs depending on the determined balancing control mode to perform charging or discharging and performs balancing between the at least two or more battery packs.