Methods, systems, and computer program products for battery pack management are provided. Aspects include receiving battery pack data for two or more battery packs, the two or more battery packs comprising a first battery pack and a second battery pack, determining a target performance characteristic for the first battery pack and the second battery pack, determining a first hold up time for the first battery pack and a second hold up time for the second battery pack based at least in part on the battery pack data, determining, based on the target performance characteristic, a target hold up time from the first hold up time and the second hold up time, and determining, based on the battery pack data, a first voltage for the first battery pack and a second voltage for the second battery pack that satisfies the target hold up time.

An electricity storage device (20) includes voltage detectors (25A) to (25C) detecting cell voltages (VcA) to (VcC) and a controller (26) controlling the cell voltages (VcA) to (VcC). The controller (26) includes a balancing control section (27) performing balancing control reducing deviations of the cell voltages (VcA) to (VcC), a maximum cell voltage calculating section (28) calculating a maximum cell voltage (Vmax) in the cell voltages (VcA) to (VcC), a minimum cell voltage calculating section (29) calculating a minimum cell voltage (Vmin) in the cell voltages (VcA) to (VcC), and an abnormality detecting section (34) detecting an abnormality of the electricity storage device (20) in accordance with whether or not a differential voltage (ΔV) between the maximum cell voltage (Vmax) and the minimum cell voltage (Vmin) is within a range of a reference differential voltage (ΔVstd1) calculated based on a history of the balancing control performed.

This disclosure provides a battery management process and system including a battery including one or more batteries, a powered battery charging system connected to each of the one or more batteries to provide charge or charge balancing power to the one or more batteries, one or more battery sensors configured to monitor each batteries, a battery monitoring unit comprising a processor and memory in communication with the one or more battery sensors, the battery monitoring unit configured to initiate and conduct a charging or balancing process and monitor the battery for an out of tolerance condition, wherein if during charging or balancing an out of tolerance condition occurs in one or more batteries the battery monitoring unit interrupts the charging or balancing, process of the batteries by disconnecting the batteries with the out of tolerance condition from the charging system, the battery monitoring unit provides an alert to an operator to separately interrupt the charging or balancing process to the batteries with the out of tolerance condition via a separate operator controlled switch, and the battery monitoring unit interrupts power to the battery charging system providing power to the batteries with the out of tolerance condition.

A method for operating an electrical energy store, which includes at least two electrical energy store modules connected in parallel and a connector. It is initially queried which electrical energy store modules are operational. A first voltage of an operational electrical energy store module is then determined, which is greater than or equal to the voltage of all operational electrical energy store modules. Those operational electrical energy store modules are then selected, whose voltage is within a voltage range below the first voltage. The selected electrical energy store modules are then electroconductively connected to the connector.

A cell controller includes: a balancing unit which performs balancing of states of charge of a plurality of secondary batteries by discharging or charging each of the plurality of secondary batteries; a first timer which measures an elapsed time after a start of the balancing; a receiving unit which receives a balancing command signal including information regarding balancing times for the secondary batteries; and a first control unit which controls the balancing unit on a basis of the elapsed time after the start of the balancing, and the balancing command signal, the elapsed time being measured by the first timer and the balancing command signal being received by the receiving unit, in which the receiving unit receives the information on the plurality of secondary batteries through the single balancing command signal.

A system of charging a battery pack with single charger includes a battery module, a main charging module, and a balance charging module. The battery module has a battery pack, and the battery pack has a plurality of cells in series. The main charging module has a main charger. The balance charging module has a balance charger. All the cells of the battery pack of the battery module are charged at the same time by the main charger of the main charging module. After the charging task of the main charging module is completed, the cells of the battery pack of the battery module are charged in sequence by the balance charger of the balance charging module.

A system for balancing ultracapacitors is provided. The system includes a balancing capacitor and a plurality of switching devices. The system further includes a control circuit. The control circuit is communicatively coupled to each of the plurality of switching devices. The control circuit is configured to control operation of a first pair of the switching devices to couple the balancing capacitor across a first ultracapacitor of a plurality of ultracapacitors to transfer electrical charge from the first ultracapacitor to the balancing capacitor. The control circuit is further configured to control operation of a second pair of the switching devices that is different than the first pair to couple the balancing capacitor across a second ultracapacitor of the plurality of ultracapacitors to transfer at least a portion of the electrical charge from the balancing capacitor to the second ultracapacitor.

A transportation vehicle including a plurality of battery packs, a plurality of power equipment, and a controller. The controller is configured to identify at least one of the plurality of power equipment or at least one of the plurality of battery packs that requires charging and direct power through a bus to distribute power to at least one of the plurality of power equipment or at least one of the plurality of battery packs. The plurality of battery packs are configured to recharge the plurality of power equipment.

An apparatus and a system for balancing energy in a battery pack are provided, to implement balanced energy distribution among individual batteries in a battery pack. The apparatus includes: a transmitting coil, configured to transmit an electromagnetic wave generated by an input first alternating current to multiple receiving coils; the multiple receiving coils, where parameter values of all receiving coils of the multiple receiving coils are the same, all the receiving coils are coupled to the transmitting coil at a same coupling strength, and each receiving coil is configured to receive the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the transmitting coil, and generate and output a second alternating current according to the electromagnetic wave.

A system and associated method are described for balancing an electrical parameter associated with stored electric power in a multi-cell battery. A cell charge balancing system determines a first plurality of the electrical parameters associated with respective ones of the plurality of cells, a plurality of first charge parameters associated with the cells, and a first quality index. A second plurality of the electrical parameters are determined, and second charge parameters are determined to determine a second quality index. The first and second quality indices are compared, and a cell charge balancing routine controls the balancing system based upon the first quality index when the first quality index is greater than the second quality index. The cell charge balancing routine controls the cell charge balancing system based upon the second quality index when the first quality index is less than the second quality index.