A battery charger is configured to independently charge a plurality of single cells in a battery of series connected single cells. In one example, the battery charger provides a plurality of independent charging current paths to the plurality of single cells via a plurality of removable charging connectors. Each charging connector is associated with a different charging stage and configured to connect to a single cell of a battery of single cells connected in series. A top charging stage and each of a plurality of middle charging stages are grounded by independent isolated grounds. A bottom charging stage is grounded by a main ground. The respective, independent grounds of the charging stages serve as the reference voltages for charging each of the single cells independently.

A vehicle includes: an electrical load; a generator; a battery; and a controller configured to, control the operation of the generator based on the charging rate of the battery, identify a power generation margin representing a ratio of the power that the generator can output to a maximum power based on the duty ratio of the input voltage applied to the generator, and reduce power consumption of the electrical load based on a comparison between the power generation margin and a target margin. The vehicle can prevent or minimize the voltage drop phenomenon of the generator by using the power generation margin of the generator.

A charging control apparatus includes a battery, an electric charge mover, and a processor. The battery includes multiple cells. The electric charge mover is configured to move electric charge between the multiple cells. The processor is configured to, upon charging the battery, cause the electric charge mover to move the electric charge of one or more cells serving as a part of the multiple cells to another one or more cells of the multiple cells, and perform a partial charging that charges the one or more cells serving as the part of the multiple cells after causing the electric charge mover to move the electric charge.

An integrated battery energy storage system and method for integrating electric vehicle battery packs into an integrated battery energy storage system are disclosed. The integrated battery energy system includes: a plurality of electric vehicle battery packs coupled in a series/parallel arrangement, the series/parallel arrangement including a plurality of series strings of electric vehicle battery packs, each of the plurality of series strings of electric vehicle battery packs includes at least two of the plurality of electric vehicle battery packs coupled in series; and wherein the plurality of series strings of electric vehicle battery packs are connected in parallel.

A charger for a battery power system can include first and second switching bridges with inputs couplable to an AC source, at least one transformer having two or more primary windings (connected in series and coupled to the switching bridges) and at least two secondary windings, and second rectifier/chargers, each coupled to at least one of the secondary windings and couplable to at least one battery. The switching bridges may be respectively operable during positive and negative half cycles of the AC source to deliver an AC voltage to the transformer. The rectifier/chargers may be operable in a first mode to receive an AC voltage from the transformer and deliver a DC voltage for charging the respective battery. In some multi-battery embodiments, the rectifier/chargers may also be operable in a second mode to deliver an AC voltage from a respective battery to the transformer to balance charge between the batteries.

Systems and methods for dynamically charging energy storage devices connected to a power grid or other power system are provided. Charging decisions for charging the energy storage devices may be optimized, for example by basing the decisions on historical data, to provide more efficient or effective charging and use of power. The historical data may include an amount of energy previously discharged by each of the energy storage devices, a previous charging decision for each of the devices, a previous total fixed load power request of the power grid, and/or a pervious amount of power received by the power grid, which may include power received from intermittent power sources. In some aspects, the present techniques do not require current system state information or explicit predictions of future intermittent power availability. In some aspects, charging decisions are based on a solution to an online optimization problem.

Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for charging a hybrid battery pack, the method including determining, by a battery management system (BMS), a current split ratio for allocating charging current to an energy cell and a power cell in a hybrid battery pack, based on any one or any combination of a state of charge (SoC) level of the energy cell at an instance of initiation of charging, a SoC level of the power cell at the instance of the initiation of the charging, a wattage of an adapter for charging the hybrid battery pack, a capacity of the hybrid battery pack, and a charging time period, and charging, by the BMS, the hybrid battery pack by allocating the charging current to the energy cell and the power cell based on the current split ratio.

The present disclosure discloses an electric tool power supply detachably installed on an electric tool, the electric tool power supply. The electric tool power supply comprises a power supply component, a first output interface, and a second output interface. The power supply component is configured to store and provide electrical energy. The first output interface is electrically coupled to the power supply component. The power supply component is configured to provide operating voltage for the electric tool through the first output interface. The second output interface is electrically coupled to the power supply component. The second output interface is further configured to electrically coupled to a starter of a vehicle. The power supply component is configured to output instantaneous large-current to the starter through the second output interface to start the vehicle.

Disclosed herein are methods and systems for monitoring and/or regulating energy storage devices. Examples of such monitoring and/or regulating include cell balancing, dynamic impedance control, breach detection and determination of state of charge of energy storage devices.

A battery overcharge preventing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a voltage distribution unit connected to both ends of at least one battery cell in a battery module including multiple battery cells, the voltage distribution unit being configured to distribute a voltage of the at least one battery cell according to a preset ratio; a voltage sensing unit operating so as to allow a control current to flow when the voltage distributed by the voltage distribution unit is greater than a preset reference voltage; and a second relay configured to block, by operation of the voltage sensing unit, operation of a first relay that establishes an electrical connection between the battery module and a charging module.