A station for a handheld information device (HID) includes a station body having a periphery and a receiving surface to support at least a portion of the HID. A visible antimicrobial illumination (VAI) emitter is coupled to the station body and arranged to direct a human-visible illumination beam at a target surface of the HID to produce an antimicrobial effect on the target surface. At least a first portion of the target surface is external to the periphery of the station body, and the human-visible illumination beam is projected beyond the periphery to illuminate the first portion of the target surface.

A system may be provided. The system may include a tool, a battery pack configured to power the tool, and a battery charger configured to charge the battery pack to a predetermined charge level, the predetermined charge level being less than a full charge level of the battery pack.

The present invention provides a method for controlling M power supplies connected in series. The method comprises the following steps. Sending a test signal by a master power supply. Recording a first delay time when the test signal is received by the 1.sup.st power supply and a second delay time when the test signal is received by the M.sup.th power supply. Selecting a maximum delay time from the first delay time and the second delay time. Calculating a difference time between the first delay time and the second delay time. When the maximum delay time is the first delay time, the master power supply waits for the first delay time to execute the first command after receiving the first command. The 1st power supply directly executes the first command after receiving it. The M.sup.th power supply waits for the difference time to execute the first command after receiving it.

A system and method for sensorless coil detection that exploits a dead-time effect in a WPT inverter as an indicator of presence of a receiver. In one embodiment, a system described herein may be configured to detect arrival of a moving receiver prior to alignment of the moving receiver with the transmitter for power transmission.

Provided is a lithium ion secondary battery system having excellent reliability. Provided is a lithium ion secondary battery system including, at least a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and a lithium deposition sensor. In this lithium ion secondary battery system, the lithium deposition sensor includes an endotherm detector, and the endotherm detector detects endotherm in a constant current charging range.

A charging voltage of a battery may be determined based on an age of the battery. The age and charging voltage can be determined by a computing apparatus or a battery management system. The determined charging voltage may increase as the age of the battery increases. The battery may be charged at the charging voltage for the duration of a charge cycle. The battery may be charged using a charger.

One example discloses a power management circuit, including: an ultrasonic transmitter configured to generate an ultrasonic signal having a set of transmitted ultrasonic signal attributes; an ultrasonic receiver configured to detect the ultrasonic signal having a set of received ultrasonic signal attributes; wherein the power management circuit is configured to cause a device to be operated at a first power level and a second power level; and a proximity detection circuit configured to transition the device from the first power level to the second power level in response to a preselected difference between the transmitted set of ultrasonic signal attributes and the received set of ultrasonic signal attributes.

A printing apparatus includes: a battery accommodating portion; a conveyor; a printing device; a power-source connector; an electric charger that charges the battery power source from an external power source when the power-source connector is connected to the external power source; and a degradation-degree detector that detects a degradation degree of the battery power source. A controller executes: a charge processing for controlling the electric charger using at least one charge parameter to charge the battery power source; storing data on the degradation degree of the battery power source based on a result of detection of the degradation-degree detector; a determining processing for determining whether a particular determination criterion relating to the degradation degree is satisfied in the stored data; and correcting the at least one charge parameter in accordance with a result of determination in the determining processing.

A power receiving apparatus 101 transmits information representing three or more received powers used in calculating a parameter used in a detection processing by a transmitting apparatus 102. At that time, a relationship P1<P2<P3 is satisfied, where P1 is a first received power which information transmitted an n-th time represents (n is an integer of one or greater), P2 is a second received power which information transmitted an n+1-th time represents, and P3 is a third received power which information transmitted an n+2-th time represents.

A method of controlling charging of a battery may include making, by a controller, the battery that supplies power to a drive motor start to be charged with a boosted voltage higher than a voltage of a fast charger by controlling a switch connecting the drive motor and the fast charger of a vehicle and a switch of an inverter driving the drive motor, for fast charging of the battery; determining, by the controller, whether a motor position sensor has failure according to an output signal of the motor position sensor which detects a position of the drive motor; engaging, by the controller, an engine clutch that is configured to connect or disconnect the engine of the vehicle and the drive motor, when the controller determines that the motor position sensor has the failure; and maintaining, by the controller, the fast charging for the battery when a rotation of the drive motor stops after the engine clutch is engaged.