To provide an electric vehicle capable of reducing heat generation of the switching elements while achieving energy saving, the electric vehicle includes: an engine 11; a first generator 12 driven by the engine; a first rectifier circuit 14 connected to the output of the first generator; a first DC line 16 to receive the DC output of the first rectifier circuit; a driving motor 10 connected to the first DC line; a power converter 20 configured to convert voltage of the first DC line; a second DC line 34 to receive the DC output subjected to voltage conversion by the power converter; an auxiliary device 33 connected to the second DC line; and a controller 40 configured to control the power converter. The controller is configured to, in response to the voltage V.sub.i of the first DC line becoming equal to or less than a first threshold V.sub.c, control the output power P.sub.o of the power converter to a rated power P.sub.1, and in response to the voltage becoming larger than the first threshold, control the output power P.sub.o to be smaller than the rated power.

A vehicle includes an engine, an alternator, and a battery bank electrically connected to the alternator via a connection line. The connection line includes a current sensor configured to measure an electrical current through the connection line. The vehicle also includes a start-stop system configured to determine, during a time when the engine is off, that a voltage of the battery bank is below a first threshold value for a first predetermined period, provide a control signal to a starter to start the engine to initiate charging of battery bank, determine, by the current sensor, that the electrical current is below a second threshold value, and in response to the determination, provide a control signal to turn the engine off to terminate the charging of the battery bank.

A vehicle includes a drive system electrical system configured to supply power to a driver system, a non-drive system electrical system configured to supply power to a non-drive system, a first magnetic contactor that is electrically connected between the drive system electrical system and the non-drive system electrical system, a second magnetic contactor that is electrically connected between a power supply system configured to supply power to the non-drive system electrical system and the non-drive system electrical system, and a magnetic contactor control unit configured to execute at least one of first control processing of setting the first magnetic contactor to a non-conduction state when the non-drive system electrical system does not operate by using a DC power supply included in the drive system electrical system and second control processing of setting the second magnetic contactor to a non-conduction state when the non-drive system electrical system does not operate by using the power supply system.

A power distribution system 100 is installed in an aircraft, and comprises: a first DC power supply unit 10 including a generator 11; a second DC power source unit 20 including a battery 30, a step-up/down converter 41, a voltage sensor 43, and control unit 44; and a diode 50. When the voltage sensor 43 does not detect regenerative power, the control unit 44 executes a running power processing mode in which generated power generated by the first DC power supply unit 10 is supplied to an electric actuator 80 while charging and discharging the battery 30 using the step-up/down converter 41 so as to keep a charge rate A of the battery 30 within a predetermined range. When the voltage sensor 43 detects regenerative power, the control unit 44 executes a regenerative power processing mode in which the battery 30 is charged with the regenerative power using the step-up/down converter 41.

A hypercapacitor energy storage system or device facilitates fast charging, stable energy retention, high energy to weight storage and the like. The hypercapacitor comprises an ultracapacitor in electrical connection with an energy retainer which may comprise a battery, a battery field, a standard capacitor and/or the like. The electrical connection between the ultracapacitor and energy retainer may stabilize the energy retention of the hypercapacitor and provide for long-term energy storage and prevent self-discharge. The hypercapacitor may be electrically couplable to an energy source such as the utility grid via a low voltage outlet (e.g., 110V or 220V) or other charging system and may undergo fast charging. The hypercapacitor may be electrically couplable to and/or integrated with various systems or devices requiring energy storage and/or usage and may provide energy thereto.

A control device for a battery of a marine vessel recovers a power storage amount of a chargeable lithium ion battery while protecting the same. When an acquired power storage amount of the lithium ion battery becomes equal to or less than a first predetermined power storage amount, a switch to connect the lithium ion battery and a line or a load is turned off. While the switch is off, as an electric power balance on the line, a power inflow amount, a first power outflow amount, and a second power outflow amount are acquired. Based on the electric power balance acquired while the switch is off, whether a chargeable condition in which the lithium ion battery is chargeable is satisfied is determined. When the chargeable condition is satisfied, the switch is turned on.

A system for discharging or charging a capacitor of a hybrid vehicle according to the present disclosure includes a target state of charge (SOC) module and a capacitor charge/discharge module. The target SOC module determines a target state of charge of the capacitor based on a speed of the vehicle. The capacitor charge/discharge module determines whether a state of charge of a capacitor is greater than a target state of charge. The capacitor charge/discharge module dissipates power from the capacitor to at least one of a battery of the vehicle and an electrical load of the vehicle when the state of charge of the capacitor is greater than the target state of charge.

A power supply system includes a first power output portion, a second power output portion, and a ring-form main pathway. A power supply system includes a first output pathway connecting the main pathway with the first power output portion, a second output pathway connecting the main pathway with the second power output portion, and a loading pathway connecting the main pathway with an electric load. The power supply system includes multiple main switches and a control unit. The main switch is configured to switch between a ring connection state and a non-ring connection state of the main pathway. The control unit controls the switching of the main switch. The control unit is configured to activate a non-ring connection mode that turns off one of the main switches and turns on the remainder of the main switches.

A drive for a mobile compressor includes EMI and transient protection circuits, second chokes, converters and an inverter. The EMI and transient protection circuits include respectively common mode chokes and at least one component. Each of the common mode chokes is configured to receive a first direct current voltage and is connected to first and second grounds. The at least one component is connected to a third ground. The first, second and third grounds are at different voltage potentials. The second chokes are connected downstream from the common mode chokes. The converters are connected to outputs of the second chokes and are configured to collectively provide a second direct current voltage to a direct current bus. The inverter is connected to the direct current bus and configured to convert the second direct current voltage to an alternating current voltage to power the mobile compressor downstream from the inverter.

A marine propulsion system includes an outboard motor installed on a hull and including an engine to drive a propulsion generator, and a generator to generate power by driving of the engine, a capacitor provided in the outboard motor to smooth the power generated by the generator and output the smoothed power to a device on a hull side, and a power distributor provided in the outboard motor to limit an output from the capacitor to the device on the hull side.