A communication adapter capable of performing communication even in a case where power supply from an external device has ceased is provided. The communication adapter includes a power storage configured to receive power supplied from an external device and store the power, a communication unit configured to receive power supplied from the power storage, a control unit configured to communicate with an external management device via the communication unit, a first power supply line through which the power supplied from the external device goes to the control unit, thereby bypassing the power storage, and a second power supply line through which the power supplied from the power storage goes to the control unit.

A distributed standby power management switch system and a method of use thereof are provided. The distributed standby power management switch system includes a power management switch, at least one standby power management switch, and a loading circuit. The power management switch is connected with the commercial power supply. The at least one standby power management switch is in communication connection with the power management switch and connected to a standby power supply set. Through the loading circuit and a wireless loop or cabled carrier wave to carry out electricity switching, the commercial power supply and the standby power supply set share the same loading circuit for automatically electricity switching. The power management switch and the standby power management switch of the distributed standby power management switch system may automatically switch with each other and may be set with timed switching or may be switched by using a portable device.

The technology described herein is generally directed towards a distributed optimization technology for the control of aggregation of distributed flexibility resource nodes that operates iteratively until a commanded power profile is produced by aggregated loads. The technology uses a distributed iterative solution in which each node solves a local optimization problem with local constraints and states, while using a global Lagrange multiplier that is based upon information from each other node. The global Lagrange multiplier is determined at an aggregation level using load-specific information that is obtained in a condensed form (e.g., a scalar) from each node at each iteration. The global Lagrange multiplier is broadcasted to the nodes for each new iteration. The technology provides an iterative, distributed solution to the network optimization problem of power tracking of aggregated loads.

A power-distribution-system management apparatus according to the present invention includes a communication unit that acquires an amount of insolation, which is a measurement value measured by a pyranometer, via a communication network, which is used to collect a measurement value of a smart meter that measures electric energy, and a meter-data management apparatus and a power-generation-amount estimating unit that estimates, on the basis of the amount of insolation, a power generation amount of each of two or more solar power generation facilities connected to a power distribution line of a high voltage system.

The present disclosure relates to a technology for a sensor network, machine to machine (M2M) communication, machine type communication (MTC), and the Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure can be utilized in an intelligent service (such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, health care, digital education, retail business, security and safety-related services) based on the technology. A gateway device according to the present disclosure determines whether additional power consumption information on an electronic device is needed, makes a request for the additional power consumption information to a smart plug when the additional power consumption information is determined to be necessary, determines the maximum number of smart plugs capable of transmitting the additional power consumption information to the gateway device, and controls data transmission of at least a part of smart plugs transmitting the additional power consumption information to the gateway device.

A controllable electronic switch for, e.g., controlling power distribution comprises a deformable member such as a bimetal arm that can be deformed to break an electrical path. The deformable member may be anchored at one end and in controllable contact with an electrical conductor at the other end. A heating element, such as a coil, can be used to selectively heat the deformable member. The controllable electronic switch can alternatively comprise a deformable member that is terminated in a wedge-shaped member. When the deformable member bends in response to being heated, the wedge-shaped member forces apart a pair of contacts thus breaking an electrical path. The wedge-shaped member and/or associated structures may be configured as a cam mechanism with multiple latching positions.

An energy management system may include a plurality of energy resource systems for exchanging electric energy therebetween. According to some embodiments, each energy resource system includes a renewable energy resource to generate electric power and a power converter to convert the electric power from one form to another form. Each energy resource system may further include a local controller having a unique identification for the energy management system to control the operation of the power converter. A cloud controller may communicate with the local controller to exchange information over a communications network. The cloud controller might, for example, establish a secure connection with the local controller after verification of the unique identification and maintain at least one database to securely store information relating to energy exchanged between the plurality of energy resource systems in the form of a virtual renewable energy currency.

The present disclosure pertains to configuration of devices using distributed network protocols. In one embodiment, a client may poll a server device and receive a first set of data using a first communication protocol. The client may analyze the first set of data to determine a number and a type of each of a plurality of data points comprised in the first set of data. The client device may issue a query to the server device and may receive a second set of data using a second communication protocol. The second set of data may comprise information associated with each of the plurality of data points comprised in the first set of data. A data map may be created based on the first set of data and second set of data, and the client may be at least partially configured automatically based on the data map.

A method of self-healing power grids after power outages includes providing an Adaptive Restoration Decision Support System (ARDSS) for generating a restoration solution using static and dynamic input data from power generator(s) powering transmission lines, from the transmission lines and loads. At a beginning of a restoration period a two-stage problem is solved including a first and second-stage problem with an optimal planning (OP) function as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem using initial static and dynamic data to determine start-up times for the power generator and energization sequences for transmission lines involved in the power outage. Only the second-stage problem is again solved with an optimal real-time (OR) function using the start-up times and energization sequences along with updated static and dynamic data to determine operating parameters for the grid. The restoration solution is implemented over restoration time steps until all loads involved in the power outage are recovered.

A frequency control method for use in a frequency control system including: a server that receives, from a power system operator, a power command for controlling a frequency of a power grid within a predetermined frequency; at least one distributed energy resource; and a local controller connected to the server through a communication network and to the at least one distributed energy resource, the frequency control method includes: receiving the power command from the power system operator; obtaining a frequency measurement of the power grid; predicting a next power command using the frequency measurement, before the next power command is received from the power system operator; and controlling an input or output of the at least one distributed power energy resource using the predicted next power command, before the next power command is received from the power system operator.