An inductive position sensor, having a first stator element that comprises a first excitation coil, to which a periodic alternating voltage is applied, and also comprises a first receiving system, wherein the signal from the first excitation coil couples inductively into the first receiving system. A first rotor element influence the strength of the inductive coupling between the first excitation coil and the first receiving system as a function of its angular position relative to the first stator element. A metal element and the first rotor element are arranged on a shaft in a rotationally fixed manner. An evaluation circuit determines the angular position of the first rotor element relative to the first stator element from the voltage signals induced in the first receiving system. The first rotor element and the metal element are each designed as a conductor loop with a periodic geometry.

An inductive position sensor, having a first stator element that comprises a first excitation coil, to which a periodic alternating voltage is applied, and also comprises a first receiving system, wherein the signal from the first excitation coil couples inductively into the first receiving system. A first rotor element influence the strength of the inductive coupling between the first excitation coil and the first receiving system as a function of its angular position relative to the first stator element. A metal element and the first rotor element are arranged on a shaft in a rotationally fixed manner. An evaluation circuit determines the angular position of the first rotor element relative to the first stator element from the voltage signals induced in the first receiving system. The first rotor element and the metal element are each designed as a conductor loop with a periodic geometry.

A drive device drives a motor serving as a load. A first upstream switch is disposed upstream from the motor and a first downstream switch is disposed downstream from the motor in a first current path of current flowing via the motor. A second upstream switch is disposed upstream from the motor and a second downstream switch is disposed downstream from the motor in a second current path of current flowing via the motor. A direction of the current flowing in the motor when current flows in the first current path is different from a direction of the current flowing in the motor when current flows in the second current path. The first upstream drive circuit stops flow of current via the first upstream switch when the current flowing through the first upstream switch becomes greater than or equal to a current threshold.

A drive device drives a motor serving as a load. A first upstream switch is disposed upstream from the motor and a first downstream switch is disposed downstream from the motor in a first current path of current flowing via the motor. A second upstream switch is disposed upstream from the motor and a second downstream switch is disposed downstream from the motor in a second current path of current flowing via the motor. A direction of the current flowing in the motor when current flows in the first current path is different from a direction of the current flowing in the motor when current flows in the second current path. The first upstream drive circuit stops flow of current via the first upstream switch when the current flowing through the first upstream switch becomes greater than or equal to a current threshold.

A motor fault detection system is based on coupling injection of high-frequency signal. An input end of the motor is connected with the high-frequency detection signal source circuit through the coupling circuit to inject a high-frequency detection signal into the motor winding; an input end of the high-frequency detection signal source circuit is connected with an output end of the controller to control the output of the high-frequency detection signal; an output end of the response signal processing circuit is connected with an input end of the controller to send the received voltage or current response signal to the controller; and the controller judges whether the motor has a fault and the degree of the fault by analyzing the response signal after applying an excitation.

A motor fault detection system is based on coupling injection of high-frequency signal. An input end of the motor is connected with the high-frequency detection signal source circuit through the coupling circuit to inject a high-frequency detection signal into the motor winding; an input end of the high-frequency detection signal source circuit is connected with an output end of the controller to control the output of the high-frequency detection signal; an output end of the response signal processing circuit is connected with an input end of the controller to send the received voltage or current response signal to the controller; and the controller judges whether the motor has a fault and the degree of the fault by analyzing the response signal after applying an excitation.

A method for actuating contactors in a traction system. The traction system includes an AC battery, an electric motor, at least one peripheral unit, a plurality of voltage and current sensors, a plurality of contactors, which are arranged in electrical connections to the AC battery and to the electric motor and to the at least one peripheral unit, and a controller having a hardware-programmable processor unit on which a control program for actuating the contactors is configured at the start of operation. After the configuration, a fixed semiconductor circuit structure relating to the actuation of the contactors is available to the processor unit. The traction system has multiple modes of operation. A respective mode of operation is predefined by a general vehicle controller. A respective mode of operation has a plurality of states formed by at least one respective target state and at least one intermediate state.

A method for actuating contactors in a traction system. The traction system includes an AC battery, an electric motor, at least one peripheral unit, a plurality of voltage and current sensors, a plurality of contactors, which are arranged in electrical connections to the AC battery and to the electric motor and to the at least one peripheral unit, and a controller having a hardware-programmable processor unit on which a control program for actuating the contactors is configured at the start of operation. After the configuration, a fixed semiconductor circuit structure relating to the actuation of the contactors is available to the processor unit. The traction system has multiple modes of operation. A respective mode of operation is predefined by a general vehicle controller. A respective mode of operation has a plurality of states formed by at least one respective target state and at least one intermediate state.

An integrated multimode thermal energy transfer system, method and apparatus for full-scale clean fuel electric-powered multirotor aircraft with automatic on-board-capability to provide sensor-based temperature awareness and adjustment to critical components and zones of the aircraft. Automatic computer monitoring, including by a programmed triple-redundant digital autopilot computer, controls each motor-controller and motor to produce pitch, bank, yaw and elevation, while simultaneously measuring, calculating, and adjusting temperature and heat transfer of aircraft components and zones, to protect critical components from exceeding operating parameters and to provide a safe, comfortable environment for occupants during flight. By using the results of the measurements to inform computer monitoring, the methods and systems can use byproducts including thermal energy disparities and differentials related to both fuel supply systems and power generating systems to both add and remove heat from different aircraft zones to improve aircraft function, comfort, and efficiency.

A terminal assembly for a traction motor includes a bus bar having a ring shape and a terminal holder configured to accommodate the bus bar therein to cover an exterior of the bus bar. The terminal assembly includes: the terminal holder which is perforated to form a coupling hole therein through which a surface of the bus bar is exposed; and a temperature sensor unit which is inserted into the coupling hole and senses a temperature of the bus bar. The terminal assembly for the traction motor according to the present disclosure has a structure in which the temperature sensor unit is coupled to the terminal holder. Thus, the epoxy application process of the related art may be omitted, the occurrence of errors due to the epoxy application may be fundamentally prevented, and the assembly process may be further simplified.