In the present rectifying apparatus, a circuit board is disposed between a first rectifying element holding portion and a second rectifying element holding portion, and is configured such that only a housing linking portion, a stator winding connecting portion, and a voltage regulator connecting portion protrude from the first rectifying element holding portion and the second rectifying element holding portion when viewed from an axial direction, a plurality of first radially inner fins are formed on a radially inner side of the first rectifying element holding portion, and a plurality of second radially outer fins are formed on a radially outer side of the second rectifying element holding portion.

A rotary electric machine is equipped with a stator and a rotor. The rotor has a d-axis magnetic circuit that is produced by a magnetomotive force of a field winding, and magnet magnetic circuits that are produced by a magnetic force of permanent magnets. The d-axis magnetic circuit and a q-axis magnetic circuit have at least a part thereof that is common to both. The permeance of the d-axis magnetic circuit is smaller than the permeance of the q-axis magnetic circuit, when a load is being applied to the rotor. A control apparatus of the rotary electric machine has a switching circuit that controls the field current in the field winding, and a control section that makes the switching frequency of the switching circuit become higher when the field current is above a threshold value than when the field current is less than or equal to the threshold value.

A device for utilizing groundwater, characterized by: a) an upper well with a vertical or predominantly vertical well shaft and an upper well water reservoir having a first well water level; b) a lower well with a vertical or predominantly vertical well shaft and a lower well water reservoir having a second well water level; c) wherein the second well water level is lower than the first well water level; d) a water line between the upper well water reservoir and the lower well water reservoir comprising: a first branch line extending downwardly inside the well shaft of the upper well and into the upper well water reservoir, a second branch line extending downwardly inside the well shaft of the lower well and into the lower well water reservoir, and a connecting line extending horizontally or predominantly horizontally and connecting the first branch line and the second branch line; e) at least one turbine situated at the level of the connecting line and coupled to the water line for a rotary drive of a turbine rotor by the fluid in the water line; and f) an electrical generator comprising a rotor which is mechanically coupled to the at least one turbine rotor and a stator with one or multiple electric output terminals, g) wherein the one or multiple electric output terminals of the electrical generator are connected to an energy storage device or to a converter or inverter which is coupled to a power grid for delivering electric power to the power grid.

A device for utilizing groundwater, characterized by: a) an upper well with a vertical or predominantly vertical well shaft and an upper well water reservoir having a first well water level; b) a lower well with a vertical or predominantly vertical well shaft and a lower well water reservoir having a second well water level; c) wherein the second well water level is lower than the first well water level; d) a water line between the upper well water reservoir and the lower well water reservoir comprising: a first branch line extending downwardly inside the well shaft of the upper well and into the upper well water reservoir, a second branch line extending downwardly inside the well shaft of the lower well and into the lower well water reservoir, and a connecting line extending horizontally or predominantly horizontally and connecting the first branch line and the second branch line; e) at least one turbine situated at the level of the connecting line and coupled to the water line for a rotary drive of a turbine rotor by the fluid in the water line; and f) an electrical generator comprising a rotor which is mechanically coupled to the at least one turbine rotor and a stator with one or multiple electric output terminals, g) wherein the one or multiple electric output terminals of the electrical generator are connected to an energy storage device or to a converter or inverter which is coupled to a power grid for delivering electric power to the power grid.

A resistor pack assembly comprising: a positive rail having a circular face; a negative rail having an inner circular face and an outer circular face located radially outward from inner circular face; an insulator ring having a first circular face and a second circular face opposite first circular face, the second circular face contacts the outer circular face of the negative rail; a first DC bus bar electrically connected to the insulator ring; a second DC bus bar electrically connected to negative rail; and a cylindrical suppression resistor having a first flat surface and a second flat surface opposite the first flat surface, the cylindrical suppression resistor is located radially inward of the insulator and axially between the positive rail and negative rail, wherein the first flat surface contacts the circular face of the positive rail and the second flat surface contacts the inner circular face of the negative rail.

An axial flux switched reluctance motor and/or generator, and controls are provided. It includes a stator, which includes a front surface and a rear surface, and sidewalls that extend from the front surface to the rear surface. The stator includes salient stator poles positioned on the front surface. Each one of the salient stator poles including: a bobbin protruding out from the front surface in a direction along an axis of the bobbin that is perpendicular to the front surface; the bobbin comprising a bobbin front surface that is substantially parallel to the front surface of the stator; and a coil of electrically insulated wire wound around the bobbin. A rotor includes a front rotor surface and an opposite facing rear rotor surface; and further includes a plurality of rotor poles. The rotor is affixed to a shaft and rotates about an axis of rotation that is aligned with the shaft.

An axial flux switched reluctance motor and/or generator, and controls are provided. It includes a stator, which includes a front surface and a rear surface, and sidewalls that extend from the front surface to the rear surface. The stator includes salient stator poles positioned on the front surface. Each one of the salient stator poles including: a bobbin protruding out from the front surface in a direction along an axis of the bobbin that is perpendicular to the front surface; the bobbin comprising a bobbin front surface that is substantially parallel to the front surface of the stator; and a coil of electrically insulated wire wound around the bobbin. A rotor includes a front rotor surface and an opposite facing rear rotor surface; and further includes a plurality of rotor poles. The rotor is affixed to a shaft and rotates about an axis of rotation that is aligned with the shaft.

A vehicle-use alternating current generator regulator includes an IC regulator wherein an IC chip is sealed with resin and a lead terminal for external connection protrudes from a sealing resin, and a regulator holder having a lead opposing portion that encloses an IC regulator mounting portion in which the IC regulator is mounted. A configuration is such that the lead terminal has a lead protruding portion protruding from a contact with the regulator holder, and the IC regulator is positioned by the lead protruding portion being fitted into the lead opposing portion of the regulator holder.

A protective cover for a rotary electric machine including: a bottom portion formed into an approximately circular shape; a side wall extending from the bottom portion along an outer periphery thereof; and an opening portion, of approximately circular shape and formed by an end of the side wall, wherein the side wall has a plurality of guide ribs formed on an inner side thereof and arranged apart from each other along the outer periphery of the bottom portion, wherein each of the guide ribs has a chamfered portion at an end on a side closer to the opening portion, and wherein each of the guide ribs has a height of a top portion of each of the plurality of guide ribs from the side wall allows the top portion to contact a side surface of the component when the protective cover is mounted to the rotary electric machine.

A vehicle includes a vehicle frame, a body on the vehicle frame, the vehicle frame and the body defining a wheel well, a wheel disposed in the wheel well, an engine for propelling the vehicle, and an electrical system for providing electrical power to the engine. The electrical system includes a regulator for maintaining a constant voltage across the electrical system located in the wheel well. A cover is located in the wheel well between the regulator and the wheel. An air intake is located in the body for directing airflow into a portion of the wheel well defined by the cover and housing the regulator to cool the regulator.