A brushless direct current motor including a rotor, a first stator disposed adjacent the rotor, and a second stator disposed adjacent the rotor. The first stator is configured to selectively cause a rotational movement of the rotor during normal operation of the motor, and the second stator is configured to selectively maintain a stationary position of the rotor against a force exerted by an external source.

An electric machine includes at least a printed circuit board and a magnetically permeable element. The printed circuit board includes a reluctance coil configured to generate a voltage in presence of a magnetic flux. The magnetically permeable element has a first end positioned adjacent to a rotor of the electrical machine and a second end positioned adjacent to the coil of the printed circuit board. In some examples, rotation of the rotor causes a change in the magnetic flux through the magnetically permeable element and generation of the voltage across the reluctance coil.

A flux-mnemonic permanent magnet synchronous machine (FMPMSM) includes: an annular stator having a winding; a rotor disposed concentric with the stator; and a power inverter for dispensing an excitation current and at least one current pulse. The rotor includes: at least two circumferentially magnetized adjustable permanent magnets, each permanent magnet having two poles normal to an air gap between the stator and rotor; and one or more flux adjusters adjacent to one or more magnet poles of the permanent magnets. A polarization ratio of magnetization of at least one of the permanent magnets is adjustable during operation of the FMPMSM by application of the at least one current pulse.

A flux-mnemonic permanent magnet synchronous machine (FMPMSM) includes: an annular stator having a winding; a rotor disposed concentric with the stator; and a power inverter for dispensing an excitation current and at least one current pulse. The rotor includes: at least two circumferentially magnetized adjustable permanent magnets, each permanent magnet having two poles normal to an air gap between the stator and rotor; and one or more flux adjusters adjacent to one or more magnet poles of the permanent magnets. A polarization ratio of magnetization of at least one of the permanent magnets is adjustable during operation of the FMPMSM by application of the at least one current pulse.

A medical device and an activating method thereof, wherein the medical device is suitable for preventing and/or treating an infection of a skin lesion and includes: (i) a substrate consisting essentially of cellulose, (ii) at least one cationic copolymer obtained by reaction of at least one polyamine, at least one polyamidoamine or a mixture thereof with at least one polyisocyanate, wherein the copolymer is anchored to the substrate, and optionally (iii) at least one dermatologically acceptable amphoteric surfactant.

A disc motor uses first, second magnetic components and third, fourth magnetic components of first, second magnetic disc set of a magnetic set to carry out magnetization in the motion direction, a coil of a coil set of an induction set is arranged perpendicularly to the motion direction, so as to form a four magneto-mechanical force effect; poles of the first, second magnetic components and the third, fourth magnetic component of the first, second magnetic disc sets are arranged oppositely to each other if they are different in polarity and adjacently to each other if they are the same in polarity; with the switching of forward reverse circuit power supplies of an induction switch circuit, magnetic resistant force can be avoided, the whole motion process is magnetically assisted, input power can be reduced effectively, and output power is increased.

A disc motor uses first, second magnetic components and third, fourth magnetic components of first, second magnetic disc set of a magnetic set to carry out magnetization in the motion direction, a coil of a coil set of an induction set is arranged perpendicularly to the motion direction, so as to form a four magneto-mechanical force effect; poles of the first, second magnetic components and the third, fourth magnetic component of the first, second magnetic disc sets are arranged oppositely to each other if they are different in polarity and adjacently to each other if they are the same in polarity; with the switching of forward reverse circuit power supplies of an induction switch circuit, magnetic resistant force can be avoided, the whole motion process is magnetically assisted, input power can be reduced effectively, and output power is increased.

A power tool that includes a brushless DC motor, one or more motor sensors, and a controller, such as, for example, an electronic speed control (ESC) circuit. The controller is adapted to provide instructions to control the operation of one or more parameters of the brushless DC motor. The controller is also adapted to receive feedback from one or more motor sensors that reflect whether the motor is attaining the one or more parameters. The controller may also be adapted to have a learning mode, in which feedback provided during use of the power tool is stored by the controller as a program so that the same operating parameters may be subsequently replicated by using the program to operate the tool. The controller may also use the feedback to adjust the operation of the motor so that the motor maintains one or more selected or programmed operating parameters.

A hydraulic steering arrangement is described comprising a steering unit (1), a steering wheel and a steering wheel angle sensor (3) detecting an angle of rotation between the steering wheel and the steering unit (1). Such a steering arrangement should have a simple construction. To this end the steering wheel angle sensor (3) comprises a transmitter/receiver arrangement fixed to the steering unit (1) and a target assembly (4) which is rotateably fixed to the steering wheel by means of a connection geometry (9) and comprises a passive reaction arrangement.

A hydraulic steering arrangement is described comprising a steering unit (1), a steering wheel and a steering wheel angle sensor (3) detecting an angle of rotation between the steering wheel and the steering unit (1). Such a steering arrangement should have a simple construction. To this end the steering wheel angle sensor (3) comprises a transmitter/receiver arrangement fixed to the steering unit (1) and a target assembly (4) which is rotateably fixed to the steering wheel by means of a connection geometry (9) and comprises a passive reaction arrangement.