A controller may control a transfer of electric energy between two or more energy storage devices of a plurality of energy storage devices, at least one energy storage device being disposed onboard a vehicle system, and identify a transfer restriction on the transfer. The controller may change a transfer characteristic based at least in part on the transfer restriction. A system may include a controller to monitor transfer of electric energy between one or more energy storage devices disposed onboard one or more vehicle systems and energy transfer substations that are offboard the one or more vehicle systems. A method may include controlling a transfer of electric energy between two or more energy storage devices, at least one energy storage device being disposed onboard a vehicle system, identifying a transfer restriction on the transfer, and changing a transfer characteristic based at least in part on the transfer restriction.

A controller may control a transfer of electric energy between two or more energy storage devices of a plurality of energy storage devices, at least one energy storage device being disposed onboard a vehicle system, and identify a transfer restriction on the transfer. The controller may change a transfer characteristic based at least in part on the transfer restriction. A system may include a controller to monitor transfer of electric energy between one or more energy storage devices disposed onboard one or more vehicle systems and energy transfer substations that are offboard the one or more vehicle systems. A method may include controlling a transfer of electric energy between two or more energy storage devices, at least one energy storage device being disposed onboard a vehicle system, identifying a transfer restriction on the transfer, and changing a transfer characteristic based at least in part on the transfer restriction.

A system for managing storage of electrical energy can include an electromagnetic machine and a controller. The electromagnetic machine can have a rotor and a stator. The rotor can be configured to be connected to a shaft. One of the rotor or the stator can have first windings and second windings. The controller can be configured to control first circuitry and second circuitry. The first circuitry can be configured to cause energy to flow from a first energy storage device to the first windings to cause the shaft to rotate. The second circuitry can be configured to cause energy to flow selectively: (1) from a second energy storage device to the second windings to cause the shaft to rotate or (2) from the second windings to the second energy storage device to cause the second energy storage device to be charged.

A control circuit is applied to a system provided with a rotary electric machine, a power converter electrically connected to a winding of the rotary electric machine, a power source, a cutoff switch provided on an electrical path that connects the power source and the power converter, and a storage unit. The control circuit is provided with a failure determination unit that determines whether a failure occurs in the system and a regeneration prevention unit that prevents a power regeneration, where a current flows from a rotary electric machine side towards a storage unit side, from occurring. In the case where the failure determination unit determines that a failure occurs in the system, the cutoff switch is turned OFF after the regeneration prevention unit prevents an occurrence of the power regeneration.

A load control device may control power delivered from a power source, such as an alternating-current (AC) power source, to at least two electrical loads, such as a lighting load and a motor load. The load control device may include multiple load control circuit, such as a dimmer circuit and a motor drive circuit, for controlling the power delivered to the lighting load and the motor load, respectively. The load control device may adjust the rotational speed of the motor load in a manner so as to minimize acoustic noise generated by the load control device and reduce the amount of time required to adjust the rotational speed of the motor load. The load control device may remain powered when one of the electrical loads (e.g., the lighting load) has been removed (e.g., electrically disconnected or uninstalled) and/or has failed in an open state (has “burnt out” or “blown out”).

A battery state estimating apparatus as an embodiment includes a state estimator, a power estimator, and a determiner. The state estimator estimates a state of a battery. The power estimator estimates first power amount charged/discharged by the battery within a charging/discharging period, based on the state. The determiner compares the first power amount with second power amount inputted/outputted to/from the battery within the charging/discharging period and thereby determines validity of the state.

Power supply hold-up time is increased using regenerative braking. A power line disturbance (“PLD”) event is detected in a power supply unit. One or more fan motors associated with the power supply unit may be signaled to provide regenerative braking based on identifying the PLD event, where the one or more fan motors transition from a motor operating mode to a regenerative braking mode. The regenerative braking may be applied to the one or more fan motors associated with the power supply unit, where a hold-up time is extended to prevent shut down of the power supply unit.

Power supply hold-up time is increased using regenerative braking. A power line disturbance (“PLD”) event is detected in a power supply unit. One or more fan motors associated with the power supply unit may be signaled to provide regenerative braking based on identifying the PLD event, where the one or more fan motors transition from a motor operating mode to a regenerative braking mode. The regenerative braking may be applied to the one or more fan motors associated with the power supply unit, where a hold-up time is extended to prevent shut down of the power supply unit.

An electric power system includes an inverter device coupled with a motor. The inverter device receives from the motor electric energy generated by dynamic braking of the motor. An energy storage device is coupled with the inverter device, and a variable resistive component is disposed between the inverter device and the energy storage device. The variable resistive component controls a direction of conduction of the electric energy from the inverter device toward the energy storage device, a resistive grid, or a system load. The variable resistive component controls the direction of conduction of the electric energy from the inverter device based on a first amount of the electric energy conducted from the inverter device, a transfer rate of the electric energy conducted from the inverter device, or one or more characteristics of the energy storage device.

An electric power system includes an inverter device coupled with a motor. The inverter device receives from the motor electric energy generated by dynamic braking of the motor. An energy storage device is coupled with the inverter device, and a variable resistive component is disposed between the inverter device and the energy storage device. The variable resistive component controls a direction of conduction of the electric energy from the inverter device toward the energy storage device, a resistive grid, or a system load. The variable resistive component controls the direction of conduction of the electric energy from the inverter device based on a first amount of the electric energy conducted from the inverter device, a transfer rate of the electric energy conducted from the inverter device, or one or more characteristics of the energy storage device.