Provided is a safety power window controlling method including an operation in which a ripple current detector detects a ripple current by removing high-frequency noise from an output current signal of a four-pole stator motor; an operation in which an amplifier receives a ripple current as a first input signal, receives a reference voltage as a second input signal, and outputs an amplified current signal obtained by amplifying the first input signal to a level of the reference voltage; and detecting the amplified current signal output by the amplifier as a valid signal by using at least two preset reference values.

Provided is a safety power window controlling method including an operation in which a ripple current detector detects a ripple current by removing high-frequency noise from an output current signal of a four-pole stator motor; an operation in which an amplifier receives a ripple current as a first input signal, receives a reference voltage as a second input signal, and outputs an amplified current signal obtained by amplifying the first input signal to a level of the reference voltage; and detecting the amplified current signal output by the amplifier as a valid signal by using at least two preset reference values.

The present disclosure relates to actuators in general. In some embodiments, an actuator system may include an electric motor having motor terminals and driving the actuator; a control unit operating the electric motor; and an active electronic position sensor for detecting a position of an actuator. Electrical energy for the operation of the position sensor is tapped from the control unit via the motor terminals. The terminals of the control voltage U.sub.M1 and U.sub.M2 for operation of the motor are switched such that at least one motor terminal, at periodic intervals, delivers a positive voltage and, during idling of the motor or during the braking of the motor, at least one of the two motor terminals of the control voltage U.sub.M1, U.sub.M2 carries a positive voltage U.sub.B.

The present disclosure relates to actuators in general. In some embodiments, an actuator system may include an electric motor having motor terminals and driving the actuator; a control unit operating the electric motor; and an active electronic position sensor for detecting a position of an actuator. Electrical energy for the operation of the position sensor is tapped from the control unit via the motor terminals. The terminals of the control voltage U.sub.M1 and U.sub.M2 for operation of the motor are switched such that at least one motor terminal, at periodic intervals, delivers a positive voltage and, during idling of the motor or during the braking of the motor, at least one of the two motor terminals of the control voltage U.sub.M1, U.sub.M2 carries a positive voltage U.sub.B.

An improved apparatus for controlling and providing a pulse-width-modulated signal to a switch operatively arranged between two terminals of a power supply for controlling an output power. A controller provides a pulse-width-modulated gate signal at a frequency to the switch. The controller is arranged to adjust the frequency as a function of a sensed parameter such that the power dissipated in the switch during switch transitions may be adjusted.

An improved apparatus for controlling and providing a pulse-width-modulated signal to a switch operatively arranged between two terminals of a power supply for controlling an output power. A controller provides a pulse-width-modulated gate signal at a frequency to the switch. The controller is arranged to adjust the frequency as a function of a sensed parameter such that the power dissipated in the switch during switch transitions may be adjusted.

A hybrid power generation system is disclosed including but not limited to a processor in data communication with a non-transitory computer readable medium for controlling a plurality of power sources to substantially optimize energy generation by the plurality of power sources, wherein the plurality of power sources comprise a solar panel and a battery that generate energy; a computer program comprising instructions stored in the non-transitory computer readable medium that are executed by the processor, the computer program comprising, instructions to determine a current operating state for each of the plurality of power sources; instructions to determine a new operating state for each of the plurality of power sources to substantially optimize power generated for each of the power sources; and instructions to replace the current operating state for each of the plurality of power sources to the new operating state for each of the plurality of power sources.

A hybrid power generation system is disclosed including but not limited to a processor in data communication with a non-transitory computer readable medium for controlling a plurality of power sources to substantially optimize energy generation by the plurality of power sources, wherein the plurality of power sources comprise a solar panel and a battery that generate energy; a computer program comprising instructions stored in the non-transitory computer readable medium that are executed by the processor, the computer program comprising, instructions to determine a current operating state for each of the plurality of power sources; instructions to determine a new operating state for each of the plurality of power sources to substantially optimize power generated for each of the power sources; and instructions to replace the current operating state for each of the plurality of power sources to the new operating state for each of the plurality of power sources.

In a power supply, a first output terminal and a second output terminal are electrically connected to each other, and a first common terminal and a second common terminal are electrically connected to each other. When a value of a consumption current of a motor is equal to or smaller than a value of a maximum output current of a second constant voltage circuit, the second constant voltage circuit keeps a second voltage at a steady voltage value. When the value of the consumption current of the motor is larger than the value of the maximum output current, the second constant voltage circuit control the second voltage to have a value smaller than a value of the first voltage, and a first constant voltage circuit supplies a differential current which corresponds to a difference between the consumption current of the motor and the maximum output current of the second constant voltage circuit.

In a power supply, a first output terminal and a second output terminal are electrically connected to each other, and a first common terminal and a second common terminal are electrically connected to each other. When a value of a consumption current of a motor is equal to or smaller than a value of a maximum output current of a second constant voltage circuit, the second constant voltage circuit keeps a second voltage at a steady voltage value. When the value of the consumption current of the motor is larger than the value of the maximum output current, the second constant voltage circuit control the second voltage to have a value smaller than a value of the first voltage, and a first constant voltage circuit supplies a differential current which corresponds to a difference between the consumption current of the motor and the maximum output current of the second constant voltage circuit.