A system for dealing with breathing anomalies can monitor a subject for indications of breathing anomalies while the subject is sleeping. For example, the system can monitor blood oxygen saturation utilizing a pulse oximeter placed on a finger or toe, breathing rate utilizing a camera, or another appropriate physiological parameter. When a breathing anomaly is detected, the system can stimulate a volar surface of the subject, such as a planar surface of the subject's foot or a palmar surface of the subject's hand. The stimulation of the volar surface can manipulate the subject's breathing, for example producing the Babinski response as a sleep apnea therapy. Stimulating the volar surface can comprise producing or emulating a stroking motion across the volar surface, for example. In some examples, an array of actuators can be disposed adjacent the volar surface, and the actuators can actuate sequentially to stimulate the volar surface.

A system for dealing with breathing anomalies can monitor a subject for indications of breathing anomalies while the subject is sleeping. For example, the system can monitor blood oxygen saturation utilizing a pulse oximeter placed on a finger or toe, breathing rate utilizing a camera, or another appropriate physiological parameter. When a breathing anomaly is detected, the system can stimulate a volar surface of the subject, such as a planar surface of the subject's foot or a palmar surface of the subject's hand. The stimulation of the volar surface can manipulate the subject's breathing, for example producing the Babinski response as a sleep apnea therapy. Stimulating the volar surface can comprise producing or emulating a stroking motion across the volar surface, for example. In some examples, an array of actuators can be disposed adjacent the volar surface, and the actuators can actuate sequentially to stimulate the volar surface.

A toe engaging apparatus or shoe insert includes one or more layers. Each layer is removably held to a neighboring planar layer. Each of the layers have a thickness, a longitudinal length, and a height; the height being such that the layers fits against a front wall of a target shoe. The layers are sized and shaped such that when affixed to the front wall area of the target shoe, the layers reduce the internal length of the target shoe, thereby effectively decreasing the size of the target shoe. The toe engaging apparatus optionally includes a mechanism for holding the plurality of layers against the front wall of the target shoe.

Curable compositions are provided comprising:

(a) an isocyanate-functional prepolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 4000 to 15,000;

(b) a curing agent comprising a mixture of polyamines, wherein at least one polyamine has an amine equivalent weight of 125 to 250; and

(c) an abrasion resistant additive comprising organic and inorganic particles. The isocyanate-functional prepolymer is (i) a reaction product of a polyisocyanate and a polyamine having primary and/or secondary amino groups; and/or (ii) a reaction product of a polyisocyanate and a polyol. Upon application of the composition to a substrate as a coating and after curing to form a coated substrate, the coated substrate demonstrates a coating loss of less than 0.33 cm.sup.3 after being subjected to 1000 cycles of a TABER Abrasion Test using S-42 sandpaper strips and two 1000 gram weights. Coated substrates and footwear components prepared from the compositions are also disclosed.

Curable compositions are provided comprising:

(a) an isocyanate-functional prepolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 4000 to 15,000;

(b) a curing agent comprising a mixture of polyamines, wherein at least one polyamine has an amine equivalent weight of 125 to 250; and

(c) an abrasion resistant additive comprising organic and inorganic particles. The isocyanate-functional prepolymer is (i) a reaction product of a polyisocyanate and a polyamine having primary and/or secondary amino groups; and/or (ii) a reaction product of a polyisocyanate and a polyol. Upon application of the composition to a substrate as a coating and after curing to form a coated substrate, the coated substrate demonstrates a coating loss of less than 0.33 cm.sup.3 after being subjected to 1000 cycles of a TABER Abrasion Test using S-42 sandpaper strips and two 1000 gram weights. Coated substrates and footwear components prepared from the compositions are also disclosed.

Footwear that connects a child's feet to an adult's feet for walk training or dance training of the child by the adult. The child's footwear has a first part of an attachment device such as hook-and-loop fastener material or a magnet on or in each sole. The adult footwear has a corresponding second part of the attachment device on or in the tops of the toe boxes. The adult can hold the child's hands to lift the child and place their feet on the adult's feet. This connects the soles of the child's footwear to the tops of the toe boxes of the adult footwear on contact in any of at least two orientations, including the child facing the adult for dancing, and the child facing away from the adult for walk training.

Footwear that connects a child's feet to an adult's feet for walk training or dance training of the child by the adult. The child's footwear has a first part of an attachment device such as hook-and-loop fastener material or a magnet on or in each sole. The adult footwear has a corresponding second part of the attachment device on or in the tops of the toe boxes. The adult can hold the child's hands to lift the child and place their feet on the adult's feet. This connects the soles of the child's footwear to the tops of the toe boxes of the adult footwear on contact in any of at least two orientations, including the child facing the adult for dancing, and the child facing away from the adult for walk training.

A multi-ply shockproof, hygroscopic and breathable shoe pad includes, from bottom to top in succession: a support bottom layer (1), wherein a lower end face of the support bottom layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protruding portions (5), an upper end face of the support bottom layer (1) is provided with air holes (6), and the protruding portions (5) and the air holes (6) are alternately arranged; an elastic interlayer (2), wherein the elastic interlayer (2) is provided with air holes (6), and is coated with an antibacterial deodorization layer; a hygroscopic interlayer (3), wherein the hygroscopic interlayer (3) is provided with air holes (6), and is coated with an antibacterial deodorization layer; and a breathable waterproof layer (4) coated with an antibacterial deodorization layer; and the support bottom layer (1), the elastic interlayer (2), the hygroscopic interlayer (3), and the breathable waterproof layer (4) are successively bonded.

A multi-ply shockproof, hygroscopic and breathable shoe pad includes, from bottom to top in succession: a support bottom layer (1), wherein a lower end face of the support bottom layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protruding portions (5), an upper end face of the support bottom layer (1) is provided with air holes (6), and the protruding portions (5) and the air holes (6) are alternately arranged; an elastic interlayer (2), wherein the elastic interlayer (2) is provided with air holes (6), and is coated with an antibacterial deodorization layer; a hygroscopic interlayer (3), wherein the hygroscopic interlayer (3) is provided with air holes (6), and is coated with an antibacterial deodorization layer; and a breathable waterproof layer (4) coated with an antibacterial deodorization layer; and the support bottom layer (1), the elastic interlayer (2), the hygroscopic interlayer (3), and the breathable waterproof layer (4) are successively bonded.

A device worn on a foot of an individual for creating smoke that emanates about the device as the individual walks or runs, the device having a tube with two end portions wherein one end portion is closed and the other end portion is open, an exhaust pipe having two end portions, one end portion is open and the other end portion is substantially closed and permits smoke to escape therefrom, the open end portion of the exhaust pipe connects to the open end portion of the tube, the exhaust pipe having an air chamber positioned at the open end portion of the exhaust pipe, an atomizer, a liquid cartridge and a battery, and an external foot covering that houses the tube and the exhaust pipe wherein the end portion of the exhaust pipe, which permits smoke to escape therefrom, protrudes outward from the exterior side of the shoe.