Some embodiments include methods of treating, inhibiting, or ameliorating ischemic stroke or a symptom thereof in a subject. Some embodiments include oxygenated fluid for use in treating, inhibiting, or ameliorating ischemic stroke. The oxygenated fluid may comprise charge-stabilized oxygen-containing nanostructures.

Systems and methods for generating MRI images of the lungs and/or airways of a subject using a medical grade gas mixture comprises between about 20-79% inert perfluorinated gas and oxygen gas. The images are generated using acquired .sup.19F magnetic resonance image (MRI) signal data associated with the perfluorinated gas and oxygen mixture.

The present invention provides a system for enriching a flowing liquid with a dissolved gas inside a conduit. The system comprises two or more capillaries, each capillary delivering a stream of a gas-enriched liquid to the flowing liquid. The first ends of the capillaries are positioned to form an intersecting angle with respect to the effluent streams such that these streams of gas-enriched liquid collide with each other upon exit from the first ends of the capillaries, effecting localized convective mixing within the larger liquid conduit before these gas-enriched streams are able to come into close contact with the boundary surfaces of the conduit, whereby the gas-enriched liquid mixes with the flowing liquid to form a gas-enriched flowing liquid. In the preferred embodiment, no observable bubbles are formed in the gas-enriched flowing liquid. Methods of making and using such system are also provided.

Liquid ventilator and methods integrating the concept of total liquid ventilation (TLV) using liquid volumes below functional residual capacity (FRC) of mammal's lungs are disclosed. Beyond the automatization of the whole process, the technology has been up-scaled to confirm that TLV at residual volumes below FRC can provide a safe procedure while enabling the full potential of TLV in a mammal such as humans or adult-sized animals. Such tidal liquid ventilation strongly differs from the previously known TLV approach, opening promising perspectives for a safer clinical translation. Also disclosed are apparatus and method for safe and fast induction of hypothermia during liquid ventilation of a mammal.

An apparatus for exchanging small molecules with a fluid includes a small-molecule conduit for providing a first fluid having a first type of small molecule, a target fluid conduit for providing a target fluid having a second type of small molecule therein, and a carrier fluid conduit for providing a carrier fluid that is configured (i) to receive at least some of the first type of small molecule from the first fluid and transfer at least some of the first type of small molecule to the target fluid and (ii) to receive at least some of the second type of small molecule from the target fluid and transfer at least some of the second type of small molecule to the first fluid. The apparatus further includes an exchange module having an exchange chamber in fluid communication with the small-molecule conduit, the target fluid conduit and the carrier fluid conduit.

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for producing and delivering vapour medicament. An exemplary apparatus disclosed comprises: a gas inlet for receiving a gas from a source of pressurized gas; a chamber for receiving a liquid medicament therein, the chamber being in communication with the gas inlet for permitting entrance and expansion of the gas in the chamber in the presence of the liquid medicament to produce the vapour medicament; and a vapour outlet in communication with the chamber for delivering the vapour medicament.

An example system includes a fluid delivery device configured to deliver gas nanobubbles to a target site of a patient from a solution comprising a fluid, supersaturated with a. gas, wherein the fluid delivery' device defines a flow channel configured to flow the solution through the flow channel such that the gas in the supersaturated fluid forms gas nanobubbles as the solution flows through the flow channel towards the target site, and wherein the gas nanobubbles remain in the fluid at least until delivery' to the target site.

A total liquid ventilation system configured to deliver a breathable liquid to the lungs of a mammal, the total liquid ventilation system including: an inspiratory circuit, an expiratory circuit, a pumping system; a thermal unit; a gas injection system; and a breathable liquid treatment unit, wherein the breathable liquid treatment unit includes a backing device, a plate and a bag.

A gas exchange system may include an elongate member including a liquid circuit and configured to be inserted into a body lumen, and a gas exchanger in fluid communication with the elongate member. A gas transfer fluid may be disposed within the liquid circuit of the elongate member. The gas transfer fluid may be configured to absorb carbon dioxide from a body fluid disposed in the body lumen, and subsequently release the carbon dioxide in the gas exchanger.

The present invention generally relates to a process suitable for extracorporeal lung support. The process comprises contacting blood with a dialysis liquid separated by a semipermeable membrane. Oxygen is introduced into blood and/or into the dialysis liquid prior to contacting blood and dialysis liquid being separated by the semipermeable membrane. The process is versatile and allows for blood oxygenation as well as removal of at least one undesired substance occurring in the blood, selected from carbon dioxide, bicarbonate and hydrogen cations, from blood. Thereby, the present invention takes advantage of the Haldane effect in the extracorporeal contacting step. The undesired substance can be efficiently transported across a semipermeable membrane to the dialysis liquid. In contrast to extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal methods of the prior art (ECCCbR), the present invention employs a versatile dialysis liquid that allows to adjust the pH and buffering capacity of the dialysis liquid, to add fluids to the dialysis liquid and/or to the blood and to remove substances from the blood in the extracorporeal circuit, depending on the conditions and needs. The present invention also provides regeneration and recycling of the dialysis liquid, and thus for its repeated use. The present invention is suitable for treating human or animal subjects suffering from lung failure or lung disorders.