Systems and methods herein provide for a tunable resonator. In one embodiment, a tunable resonator includes a transmission line comprising at least two inductor segments and a tap between each of the at least two inductor segments. The resonator also includes one less switch than a number of the at least two inductor segments on the transmission line. Each switch is coupled to one of the taps. And, each switch is operable to decouple at least one of the at least two inductor segments in the transmission line by shunting at least a portion of the transmission line to ground to change a resonant frequency of the transmission line.

Digital step attenuator (DSA) and digital phase shifter (DPS) multi-stage circuit architectures that provide for high resolution. Embodiments use a dithering approach to weight bit positions to provide a much finer resolution than the lowest-valued individual stage. Bit position weights for stages are determined so as to enable selection of combinations of n bit positions that provide a desired total attenuation or phase shift range while allowing utilization of the large number of states (2.sup.n) available to produce fractional intermediate steps of attenuation or phase shift. The fractional intermediate steps have a resolution finer than the lowest-valued stage. Bit position weights may be determined using a weighting function, including weightings determined from a linear series, a geometric series, a harmonic series, or alternating variants of such series. In some embodiments, at least one bit position has a fixed value that is not determined by the bit position weighting function.