Described is a system for automatic adjustment of neurostimulation. The system controls stimulation of specific neural regions through a neural device positioned on a human subject, while simultaneously performing recordings from the neural device using a targeted arrangement of stimulating electrodes and distinct types of recording electrodes of the neural device. Stimulation of the specific neural regions is adjusted in real-time based on the recordings from the neural device.

An electrical stimulation anchor is configured to be electrically coupled to a power source, such as a transducer, that is external to the electrical stimulation anchor. The electrical stimulation anchor can include a bone anchor that is configured to be secured to a bone. The bone anchor can define a first electrode, a second electrode, and an isolating portion between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrical stimulation anchor can further include a connection unit attached to the bone anchor. The connection unit can define a first contact member that electrically connects to the first electrode, and a second contact member electrically isolated from the first contact member. The second contact member can be electrically connected to the second electrode. The first and second contact members are configured to draw electrical current from the transducer so as to establish a voltage differential between the first and second electrodes.

The present invention improves control of currents in a multi-site direct current neurostimulation system. Precise control incorporates three constant current sources in a system consisting of spinal, polarizing and peripheral circuits. Constant current sources (sinks) are placed on the high side of the peripheral circuit and one sink in series on the low side of the spinal circuit in a four electrode configuration, for maintaining both predetermined currents, and current ratios, as the electrode/skin impedance and body impedance vary over the course of a treatment. Resistive steering is also implemented.

Systems and methods for the concurrent treatment of multiple oral diseases and defects while promoting general oral hygiene utilizing electricity are provided for non-human animals. Electrodes are used to deliver an electrical current to the gingival tissues of a mouth in order to achieve a number of therapeutic, prophylactic, and regenerative benefits. These benefits include killing oral microbes, increasing oral vasodilation, reducing oral biofilm, improving oral blood circulation, reversing oral bone resorption, promoting oral osteogenesis, treating gum recession, and fostering gingival regeneration. Other benefits include the treatment of gingivitis, periodontitis, and oral malodor, and other systemic diseases correlated with oral pathogens.

The present invention provides a device and methods of use related to the use of electrodes to continuously detect the presence and abundance of various biochemical compounds of interest with high spatial and temporal resolution, comprising the steps of inserting one or more electrodes in one or more locations selected from the group consisting of a tissue, an organ, a neural structure, a lymphatic vessel, a lymphatic node, an extravascular fluid compartment, and a peripheral blood vessel; applying a voltage scan to the electrode; an detecting a current indicative of the presence and abundance of the compound.

A method and related system for treating a metallic surface in order to eradicate bacteria on the metallic surface using at least three electrodes and in which the metallic surface is one of the electrodes and in which a stimulation voltage is applied to the metallic surface and an accumulated charge is measured. The accumulated charge is compared to a threshold level wherein the stimulation voltage is maintained until the accumulated charge exceeds the threshold level. In at least one version, the metallic surface is that of a surgical implant.

Methods of applying microcurrent stimulation to a subject may include providing a mask supplying at a minimum moisture to a region to be treated, applying a first electrode connected to a first polarity of microcurrent stimulation circuitry to the mask, applying a second electrode connected to a second polarity of the microcurrent stimulation circuitry to the subject outside of the mask, and providing microcurrent to the first electrode and the second electrode from the microcurrent stimulation circuitry. The method may further include inserting feet of the subject into a liquid having a minimum conductivity of 5 mS/m and vibrating the liquid.

A method is provided that includes providing an electrode, which includes a wire that has a wire diameter of between 75 and 125 microns. The wire includes a non-electrically-insulated current-application longitudinal segment, which, in the absence of any applied forces, is coiled and has (i) an outer coil diameter of between 3 and 7 times the wire diameter, and (ii) an entire longitudinal length of between 5 and 35 mm. The wire further includes an electrically-insulated lead longitudinal segment, which has an entire longitudinal length of at least 10 mm, in the absence of any applied forces. At least a portion of the electrode is implanted in a body of a subject. Other embodiments are also described.

Electrical stimulation of neural activity in the neural innervation of the spleen provides a useful way to treat acute medical conditions. The disclosed systems and methods stimulate the neural activity of a nerve supplying a spleen, wherein the nerve is associated with a neurovascular bundle, such that the electrical signal produces an improvement in a physiological parameter indicative of treatment of an acute medical condition.

An object of the present invention is to provide a system and method of determining muscle efficiency and inefficiency in a patient or subject and being able to quantitatively determine measurements that communicate between practitioners the condition, the health, and the efficiency state of any muscle. The efficiency of a muscle is defined by the ability of the brain to bridge a proper communication to the muscle by sending normal action potentials; the bridge is often compromised during injury, improper training, or from poor habits of bodily movement. The standardization of these efficiencies allows for the isolation of particular areas of the muscles that are inefficient and efficient. Further, with varied application of specific electrical pulses, a bridge that mimics the natural action potential is provided and can enhance muscle efficiency in a way that achieves higher levels of success in bodily healing and physical training than in any prior art. The current invention uses multiple, select sets of electrical currents at sound wave frequencies and used in conjunction with specific forms of movements. The application of electrical currents can also be synchronized with extensions and contractions of muscles to stimulate the expedited bridging of brain to muscle connection and increase the efficiency of muscles. The current invention standardizes these techniques to reconnect the brain to these muscles.