A memory system (e.g., a solid state drive, or SSD) uses application-aware ECC schemes to make use of the specifics of a database schema and analytic queries. Only the fields relevant to the query are decoded, other fields are largely ignored. Integrated interleaved (II) codes and product codes approaches are described. Compared to traditional ECC schemes that decode the entire records before any fields to be used by the analytics are available, the new application-aware ECC schemes may achieve orders of magnitudes throughput improvement and/or substantially lower decoder complexity.

Disclosed embodiments include a memory device having a memory array that includes a first memory cell coupled to a first bit line and a second memory cell coupled to a second bit line and a sense amplifier that includes first and second transistors arranged in a cross-coupled configuration with third and fourth transistors, the first and second transistors being of a first conductivity type and the third and fourth transistors being of a second conductivity type, a first inverter having an input coupled to a first common drain terminal of the first and third transistors and an output coupled to the first bit line, and a second inverter having an input coupled to a second common drain terminal of the second and fourth transistors and an output coupled to the second bit line.

Apparatuses and methods for performing an error correction code (ECC) operation are provided. One example method can include encoding data by including parity data for a number of cross-over bits, wherein the number of cross-over bits are bits located at intersections of column codewords and row codewords.

Memory systems and operating methods thereof comprise a memory storage and an error control coding (ECC) unit. The memory storage stores data which is split into a plurality of data chunks. The error control coding (ECC) unit is suitable for arranging each data chunk into codewords, each data chunk is arranged as part of at least two codewords, and mapping the codewords by reverse indexing the data chunks.

An optical transmission technique includes receiving data for transmission over the optical communication network, applying a three-dimensional (3D) error correction code to the data using three component codes, resulting in error correction coded signal, modulating the error correction coded signal using a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) scheme and processing and transmitting the modulated signal over the optical communication medium.

A method including mapping an address space of the buffer configured to store a plurality of data values into a first two-dimensional array of values. For each row in the first two-dimensional array, calculating, by a processor comprising an encoder, a row parity value. For each row, a plurality of data values in the row and the row parity value form a row codeword. For each column in the first two-dimensional array, a column parity value is calculated by the processor comprising an encoder, wherein for each column, a plurality of data values in the column and the column parity value form a column codeword. The exclusive-OR (XOR) of the plurality of data values is calculated. A parity value based on the XOR of the plurality of data values is calculated by the processor comprising an encoder.

Memory systems and operating methods thereof comprise a memory storage and an error control coding (ECC) unit. The memory storage stores data which is split into a plurality of data chunks. The error control coding (ECC) unit is suitable for arranging each data chunk into codewords, each data chunk is arranged as part of at least two codewords, and mapping the codewords by reverse indexing the data chunks.

Embodiments relate to correcting erasures in a storage array. An aspect includes dividing data into a plurality of stripes for storage in a storage array comprising a plurality of storage locations, each stripe comprising M rows and N columns, each of the M rows including a number r of row parities, wherein r is greater than zero. Another aspect includes dividing each stripe into two or more column sets, each column set comprising a respective set of one or more columns of the stripe. Another aspect includes adding a respective first responder parity to each column set, wherein each first responder parity gives parity information for only the two or more columns in the first responder parity's respective column set.

A digital broadcasting system and a method of processing data are disclosed. A receiving system of the digital broadcasting system may include a signal receiving unit, a demodulating unit, a demultiplexer, and an audio/video decoder. The signal receiving unit receives a broadcast signal including main service data and an RS frame including a plurality of MPH service data packets. The demodulating unit demodulates data of the RS frame. The demultiplexer identifies an MPH service data packet including an IP datagram of mobile service data with reference to an MPH header of each MPH service data packet in the RS frame, and when a stuffing data is inserted in the identified payload of MPH service data packet, removes the stuffing data from the payload and separates an audio and video data from IP datagram of the mobile service data of the payload, and outputs the separated audio and video data.

A transmitting system and a method for processing data are disclosed herein. The transmitting system includes a service multiplexer and at least one transmitter located in a remote position from the service multiplexer. Herein, the service multiplexer generates an RS frame having the size of N (row)187 (column) bytes including at least one type of mobile service data, packetizes the RS frame into a plurality of mobile service data packets, and multiplexes the packetized mobile service data packets with a main service data packet at a predetermined data rate, thereby transmitting the multiplexed data packets. Herein, each mobile service data packet is configured of a TS header and a data region, and the data region is configured of at least one of a payload region and an adaptation field region.