A communication method and device in an unlicensed band are provided. The device transmits a reservation signal for reserving a resource reservation period (RRP) which is to occupy a wireless channel for data transmission in an idle channel. The device transmits a data packet during the RRP.

A method includes generating a set of symbols based on an incoming data vector. The set of symbols includes K symbols, K being a positive integer. A first transformation matrix including an equiangular tight frame (ETF) transformation or a nearly equiangular tight frame (NETF) transformation is generated, having dimensions N×K, where N is a positive integer and has a value less than K. A second transformation matrix having dimensions K×K is generated based on the first transformation matrix. A third transformation matrix having dimensions K×K is generated by performing a series of unitary transformations on the second transformation matrix. A first data vector is transformed into a second data vector having a length N based on the third transformation matrix and the set of symbols. A signal representing the second data vector is sent to a transmitter for transmission of a signal representing the second data vector to a receiver.

Systems and methods for communication using hybrid signals are disclosed. In one aspect an apparatus for communication includes a processing system configured to encode a first set of information in a plurality of symbols and to encode a second set of information according to a spacing among the symbols. The apparatus may further comprise a transmitter configured to transmit to a device the symbols with the spacing among the symbols. In another aspect, an apparatus for communication includes a processing system configured to decode a first set of information from a plurality of symbols encoded with the first set of information or a second set of information from a spacing among the symbols by determining the spacing among the symbols. The apparatus may further comprise a receiver configured to receive the symbols via a wireless communication.

Systems and methods for communication using hybrid signals are disclosed. In one aspect an apparatus for communication includes a processing system configured to encode a first set of information in a plurality of symbols and to encode a second set of information according to a spacing among the symbols. The apparatus may further comprise a transmitter configured to transmit to a device the symbols with the spacing among the symbols. In another aspect, an apparatus for communication includes a processing system configured to decode a first set of information from a plurality of symbols encoded with the first set of information or a second set of information from a spacing among the symbols by determining the spacing among the symbols. The apparatus may further comprise a receiver configured to receive the symbols via a wireless communication.

Wireless communications have become ubiquitous for society with the availability of low cost front end transmitter and receiver circuits. Network operators strive to provide wireless signals with good Signal to Noise and Interference Ratio (SNIR) whilst increasing useable network capacity and bandwidth using maximum over-the-air data rate and controlling or minimizing over-the-air congestion. Historically this has been achieved via evolutions of network and consumer hardware, firmware, software and hence it would be beneficial to provide network operators with a means of increasing network capacity without requiring either additional hardware complexity and/or additional computational complexity in the receiving devices. The inventor has established a new domain within the network, the spreading code domain, to increase the data rate, by using spreading codes to map the data in conjunction with the constellation symbols and reduce the amount of transmitted data required.

Wireless communications have become ubiquitous for society with the availability of low cost front end transmitter and receiver circuits. Network operators strive to provide wireless signals with good Signal to Noise and Interference Ratio (SNIR) whilst increasing useable network capacity and bandwidth using maximum over-the-air data rate and controlling or minimizing over-the-air congestion. Historically this has been achieved via evolutions of network and consumer hardware, firmware, software and hence it would be beneficial to provide network operators with a means of increasing network capacity without requiring either additional hardware complexity and/or additional computational complexity in the receiving devices. The inventor has established a new domain within the network, the spreading code domain, to increase the data rate, by using spreading codes to map the data in conjunction with the constellation symbols and reduce the amount of transmitted data required.

A mobile device may generate reference bits. The mobile device may also produce a frame to send in an uplink transmission having two portions selectively with the reference bits or data bits.

A mobile device may generate reference bits. The mobile device may also produce a frame to send in an uplink transmission having two portions selectively with the reference bits or data bits.

In some embodiments, an apparatus and a system, as well as a method and an article, may operate to transmit and receive data. Transmission may comprise transforming larger values of acquired data into smaller values of transformed data using a transform defined by a seed value selected to reduce digital pulse position modulation transmission time for the acquired data. Additional activities include digital pulse position modulating the transformed data and a checksum associated with the transformed data to provide a propagation signal, and transmitting the propagation signal into drilling fluid or a geological formation. Reception may comprise receiving the propagation signal, demodulating the propagation signal to extract the transformed data and the checksum, and transforming the transformed data into an estimate of the acquired data, using the transform defined by the seed value validated by the checksum. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are described.

In some embodiments, an apparatus and a system, as well as a method and an article, may operate to transmit and receive data. Transmission may comprise transforming larger values of acquired data into smaller values of transformed data using a transform defined by a seed value selected to reduce digital pulse position modulation transmission time for the acquired data. Additional activities include digital pulse position modulating the transformed data and a checksum associated with the transformed data to provide a propagation signal, and transmitting the propagation signal into drilling fluid or a geological formation. Reception may comprise receiving the propagation signal, demodulating the propagation signal to extract the transformed data and the checksum, and transforming the transformed data into an estimate of the acquired data, using the transform defined by the seed value validated by the checksum. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are described.