A signal transmitting circuit and a signal receiving circuit for serial communication, and an electronic device are provided. The signal transmitting circuit includes a control module, a first transmitter, a second transmitter, a first differential pin, and a second differential pin, wherein the control module is configured to control the first transmitter to output a first signal via the first differential pin, and control the second transmitter to output a second signal via the second differential pin to record target information with a target signal after differentiating between the first signal and the second signal; and wherein if the target information includes data information and instant information, the data information is recorded in the target signal with a third signal with a first frequency while recording the instant information with a fourth signal with a second frequency, the first frequency is different from the second frequency.

Methods for building, transmitting, and receiving frame structures in power line communications (PLC) are described. Various techniques described herein provide a preamble design using one or more symbols. One or more preamble symbols may be interspersed within a header portion of a PLC frame to facilitate estimation of a frame boundary and/or sampling frequency offset, for example, in the presence of impulsive noise.

Methods for building, transmitting, and receiving frame structures in power line communications (PLC) are described. Various techniques described herein provide a preamble design using one or more symbols. One or more preamble symbols may be interspersed within a header portion of a PLC frame to facilitate estimation of a frame boundary and/or sampling frequency offset, for example, in the presence of impulsive noise.

Embodiments of this application provide a balance-unbalance conversion apparatus. The apparatus includes an insulation substrate, a first microstrip, a second microstrip, and a conductive ground. The first microstrip includes a first balance signal connection section, a first impedance matching section, and an unbalance signal connecting section. The unbalance signal connecting section is configured to transmit an unbalance signal. The second microstrip includes a second balance signal connecting section, a second impedance matching section, and a ground section. The second balance signal connecting section is configured to transmit a second component of the balance signal. The ground section is configured to connect to a ground signal. The first microstrip, the second microstrip, and the conductive ground are all disposed on the insulation substrate, and a cross-sectional area of at least a part of the first microstrip and/or at least a part of the second microstrip is gradient.

A signal transmission device includes a transmission line. The transmission line is configured to receive a signal transmitted from a transmission device, and output the signal to a receiving device. The transmission line includes a signal suppression device. The signal suppression device is coupled to the receiving device, and is configured to suppress a reflection signal reflected from the receiving device. The signal suppression device includes a pull-up element and a compensation element. The pull-up element is configured to decrease an equivalent impedance from the signal suppression device to the receiving device. The compensation element is configured to compensate for the equivalent impedance from the signal suppression device to the receiving device. A first terminal of the pull-up element is coupled to a first terminal of the compensation element, and a second terminal of the compensation element is coupled to the receiving device.

A signal transmission device includes a transmission line. The transmission line is configured to receive a signal transmitted from a transmission device, and output the signal to a receiving device. The transmission line includes a signal suppression device. The signal suppression device is coupled to the receiving device, and is configured to suppress a reflection signal reflected from the receiving device. The signal suppression device includes a pull-up element and a compensation element. The pull-up element is configured to decrease an equivalent impedance from the signal suppression device to the receiving device. The compensation element is configured to compensate for the equivalent impedance from the signal suppression device to the receiving device. A first terminal of the pull-up element is coupled to a first terminal of the compensation element, and a second terminal of the compensation element is coupled to the receiving device.

A circuit module includes a wiring board on which are provided a ground plane, a signal line, and a conductive pattern for connection to an outer conductor of a coaxial cable including an inner conductor and the outer conductor. A common-mode choke coil is mounted on the wiring board such that one of coils of the common-mode choke coil connects the ground plane and the conductive pattern and that the other coil is inserted in the signal line. A communication element is mounted on the wiring board and includes a first signal terminal and a second signal terminal. The first signal terminal is connected to the common-mode choke coil via the signal line, and the second signal terminal is connected to the ground plane. A first capacitor is inserted in series in the signal line between the common-mode choke coil and the first signal terminal.

Embodiments of a method and a device are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method for operating a wired communications device involves including a frame boundary bit sequence and a random data sequence as a preamble of a bit stream, encoding the bit stream into an encoded bit stream, and transmitting the encoded bit stream using the wired communications device.

Embodiments of a method and a device are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method for operating a wired communications device involves performing a bit mapping operation on an input bit stream to generate a mapped bit stream, performing a bit scrambling operation in response to the mapped bit stream to generate a scrambled bit stream, generating an encoded bit stream in response to the scrambled bit stream, and transmitting the encoded bit stream using the wired communications device.

A method of transmitting an electronic message may include identifying a first bit in a data message to be transmitted. The first bit may have a binary value. The method may also include transmitting, in response to the identifying, a first signal corresponding to the binary value over a second message channel. The method may also include transmitting, in response to the identifying, a second signal corresponding to the inverse of the binary value.