A waveguide interface is disclosed. The disclosed waveguide interface comprises: an inner boundary region extending peripherally around a cavity, a recessed region extending peripherally around the inner boundary region, and a plurality of protrusions extending from the recessed region.

An inspection control unit (210) checks a communication status of a communication network (101, 102) to which one or more nodes are connected and determines, based on the communication status, whether inspection of the communication network is possible. When it is determined that inspection of the communication network is possible, the inspection control unit outputs a basic signal, which is a pulse signal for inspecting the communication network, to the communication network. An inspecting unit (220) accepts an inspection signal, which is a basic signal with a waveform changed by flowing through the communication network, and determines, based on the waveform of the inspection signal, whether a new node connected to the communication network is present.

An inspection control unit (210) checks a communication status of a communication network (101, 102) to which one or more nodes are connected and determines, based on the communication status, whether inspection of the communication network is possible. When it is determined that inspection of the communication network is possible, the inspection control unit outputs a basic signal, which is a pulse signal for inspecting the communication network, to the communication network. An inspecting unit (220) accepts an inspection signal, which is a basic signal with a waveform changed by flowing through the communication network, and determines, based on the waveform of the inspection signal, whether a new node connected to the communication network is present.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, a system that facilitates detecting first electromagnetic waves propagating along a transmission medium are experiencing a first propagation loss, inducing second electromagnetic waves along the transmission medium to mitigate the first propagation loss, detecting that the second electromagnetic waves are experiencing a second propagation loss and inducing third electromagnetic waves along the transmission medium to mitigate the second propagation loss. To reduce radiation losses when transitioning from the first electromagnetic waves to second electromagnetic waves and transitioning from the second electromagnetic waves to the third electromagnetic waves, the system can be further adapted to use differing criteria for each transition. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, a system that facilitates detecting first electromagnetic waves propagating along a transmission medium are experiencing a first propagation loss, inducing second electromagnetic waves along the transmission medium to mitigate the first propagation loss, detecting that the second electromagnetic waves are experiencing a second propagation loss and inducing third electromagnetic waves along the transmission medium to mitigate the second propagation loss. To reduce radiation losses when transitioning from the first electromagnetic waves to second electromagnetic waves and transitioning from the second electromagnetic waves to the third electromagnetic waves, the system can be further adapted to use differing criteria for each transition. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Systems and methods of testing cables are provided. An exemplary testing system for testing radio frequency (RF) cables in a telecommunication system including a cable under test includes a termination element configured to be coupled to a distal end of the cable under test; and a controller in communication with the termination element, wherein the controller switches the termination element between two or more termination states selected from the group consisting of an open termination state, a short termination state, a load termination state, and a through state.

Systems and methods of testing cables are provided. An exemplary testing system for testing radio frequency (RF) cables in a telecommunication system including a cable under test includes a termination element configured to be coupled to a distal end of the cable under test; and a controller in communication with the termination element, wherein the controller switches the termination element between two or more termination states selected from the group consisting of an open termination state, a short termination state, a load termination state, and a through state.

A test and measurement device includes one or more ports configured to connect to a device under test (DUT), a time domain reflectometry (TDR) source configured receive a source control signal and to produce an incident signal to be applied to the DUT, one or more analog-to-digital converters (ADC) configured to receive a sample clock and sample the incident signal from the TDR source and a time domain reflection (TDR) signal or a time domain transmission (TDT) signal from the DUT to produce an incident waveform and a TDR/TDT waveform, one or more processors configured to execute code to cause the one or more processors to: control a clock synthesizer to produce the sample clock and the source control signal, and use a period of the TDR source, a period of the sample clock, and the number of samples to determine time locations for samples in the incident waveform and the TDR/TDT waveform, and a display configured to display the incident waveform and the TDR/TDT waveform. A method of sampling a waveform using a real-equivalent-time oscilloscope having a time domain reflectometry source, comprising: controlling a clock synthesizer to produce a sample clock and a source control signal; using a time domain reflectometry (TDR) source to receive the source control signal and to produce an incident signal to be applied to a device under test (DUT); receiving the sample clock at one or more analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and sampling the incident signal from the TDR source and a TDR/TDT signal from the DUT to produce an incident waveform and a TDR/TDT waveform; determining time locations for samples in the incident waveform and the TDR/TDT waveform, using a period of the TDR source, a period of the sample clock, and a number of samples; and displaying the incident waveform and the TDR/TDT waveform.

A system, method and computer application to log signal egress (leakage signal) readings from a test instrument during a “walkout” mode where the technician and test instrument have left a vehicle and troubleshooting is being performed on foot. A unique troubleshooting and discovery dataset is created and capable of revealing problems not previously discoverable using vehicle mounted test instruments. In addition, the dataset may be used for quality control and other purposes such as e.g., providing a report or mapping of the path the technician used during the troubleshooting process. Augmented reality features may also be displayed on the technician's mobile device to facilitate finding the source of one or more leaks.

A system, method and computer application to log signal egress (leakage signal) readings from a test instrument during a “walkout” mode where the technician and test instrument have left a vehicle and troubleshooting is being performed on foot. A unique troubleshooting and discovery dataset is created and capable of revealing problems not previously discoverable using vehicle mounted test instruments. In addition, the dataset may be used for quality control and other purposes such as e.g., providing a report or mapping of the path the technician used during the troubleshooting process. Augmented reality features may also be displayed on the technician's mobile device to facilitate finding the source of one or more leaks.