A wireless communication system includes a first wireless communication node for transmitting a data signal that is sent to a second wireless communication node by skywave propagation over at least two different data transmission paths. The first data transmission path includes at least one reflection point where the data signal is reflected by the atmosphere and the second data transmission path includes more reflection points than the first data transmission path. The data signal that travelled along the first data transmission path is decoded before the data signal that travelled along the second data transmission path.

Disclosed is a method and apparatus for estimating a signal source, the method including receiving, in at least one receiving node, a signal emitted from a signal source, extracting a steering matrix corresponding to a virtual antenna array by vectorizing the signal received in the at least one receiving node, and estimating a location of the signal source based on the steering matrix.

Communication operations are optimally conducted by applying space-division multiple access in which wireless resources on a spatial axis are shared among a plurality of users. By applying an RD protocol to a communication system that conducts space-division multiple access, spatially multiplexed frames in a TXOP are made more efficient. By specifying a frame length for reverse direction frames with reverse direction permission information and having respective transmitters of reverse direction frames make their frame lengths uniform while respecting the specification, AGC operation stabilizes. Also, a transmit start time for reverse direction frames can be specified by reverse direction permission information, and respective transmitters of reverse direction frames can transmit frames at the same time while respecting the specification.

Disclosed is a first portable electronic device for facilitating a proximity based interaction with a second portable electronic device based on a plurality of gestures. The first portable electronic device includes at least one first sensor device configured to generate at least one of a first sensor data, a second sensor data, and a third sensor data, a first transceiver configured for communicating with a second transceiver associated with the second portable electronic device, and a first processor configured for detecting a pre-tap gesture based on the first sensor data, entering the first portable electronic device in an interaction mode based on the detecting of the pre-tap gesture, detecting a proximity based event based on the second sensor data, performing a predetermined action, detecting a post-tap gesture, determining if the post-tap gesture is detected within a predetermined time period, and performing one of an acceptance and a rejection of the predetermined action based on the determining.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive multiple spatial dimension multiplexed (SDM) communications via a single antenna panel of the UE. The UE may perform phase noise correction for the multiple SDM communications based at least in part on phase tracking reference signals received via a single communication of the multiple SDM communications. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described for implementation of higher rank transmissions (e.g., higher rank line of sight (LOS) schemes) over a given beam direction associated with a selected transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. According to some aspects, expanded antenna arrays, spatial separation (e.g., distance) between antenna elements, lower carrier frequencies (e.g., associated with frequency range 4 (FR4) systems), etc. may be leveraged to communicate uncorrelated signals (e.g., independent streams across spatial layers) for higher rank transmissions using a given TCI state (e.g., using a single beam direction). Various aspects of the described techniques may provide for higher rank directional communications by a user equipment (UE) (e.g., via uncorrelation in a single UE), higher rank directional communications by select UEs (e.g., via uncorrelation across specific UEs), base station antenna selection for uncorrelation at multiple served UEs, etc.

A wireless communication system includes a first wireless communication node for transmitting a data signal that is sent to a second wireless communication node by skywave propagation over at least two different data transmission paths. The first data transmission path includes at least one reflection point where the data signal is reflected by the atmosphere and the second data transmission path includes more reflection points than the first data transmission path. The data signal that travelled along the first data transmission path is decoded before the data signal that travelled along the second data transmission path.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In some cases, a user equipment (UE) may use multiple antenna ports to communicate with multiple transmission/reception points (TRPs), and each antenna port may correspond to a spatial dimension along which wireless communications may be transmitted. The UE may transmit a first sounding reference signal (SRS) to a serving TRP to aid the serving TRP in determining a subset of spatial dimensions available to the UE along which to transmit downlink transmissions. Upon receiving a downlink transmission from the serving TRP along the subset of spatial dimensions as determined by the serving TRP, the UE may transmit a second SRS to a neighboring TRP to indicate the subset of spatial dimensions. The neighboring TRP avoid transmitting downlink transmissions to the UE or to other UEs along the subset of spatial dimensions, thereby mitigating interference along the subset of spatial dimensions.

A method and an apparatus for implementing transmission diversity using a single transmitter in a wireless communication system are provided. The method of operating a transmitter for transmission diversity in a wireless communication system includes generating a first data symbol by receiving a baseband signal from a data source, generating a second data symbol having an equal phase to the first data symbol, generating a first complex conjugate symbol by performing a complex conjugate operation for the first data symbol, generating a second complex conjugate symbol having a phase difference of 180 degrees from the first complex conjugate symbol, transmitting the first data symbol through a first transmission antenna and transmitting the second data symbol through a second transmission antenna in a first time slot, and transmitting the first complex conjugate symbol through the first transmission antenna and transmitting the second complex conjugate symbol through the second transmission antenna in a second time slot.

Disclosed herein is a portable electronic device for facilitating a proximity based interaction with a short range communication enabled object. Further, the portable electronic device may include a transceiver configured for transmitting a transmitted short range communication signal and receiving a received short range communication signal. Further, the portable electronic device may include a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver, configured for detecting a proximity based event based on receiving the received short range communication signal from the short range communication enabled object, analyzing the received short range communication signal based on the detecting of the proximity based event, determining a second object identifier associated with the short range communication enabled object based on the analyzing, and performing a predetermined action based on the second object identifier. Further, the portable electronic device may include a memory device configured for storing a first digital asset and a first object identifier associated with the first digital asset.