Brain dysfunction can be treated by restructuring neural pathways in the brain. A desired area in the brain to form a new neural pathway is selected. The area receives a sequential combination of (1) transcranial photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) including a series of pulses having a frequency matched to a target brain wave and (2) another transcranial stimulation (e.g., transcranial direct current electrical stimulation and/or transcranial magnetic stimulation). The different stimulation mechanisms ensure that neuroplasticity occurs to restructure a neural pathway that is dysfunctional in nature to a new neural pathway that conducts normally.

A light irradiation apparatus includes first and second light sources that emit first light and second light, respectively. The first and the second lights have mutually different wavelengths at timings close to each other, regardless of overlap between the first light and the second light. The first light has a wavelength band for inducing destruction of bacteria by damaging a cell of the bacteria as the first light acts on a photosensitizer present in the bacteria. The second light has a wavelength band for inducing the destruction of the bacteria by changing the structure of a genetic material present in the cell of the bacteria. A dose of the second light source is less than 1/10 of a dose of the first light source.

This invention relates to a neoadjuvant therapy for bladder cancer in bladder cancer patients who are scheduled for a cystectomy and methods of carrying out such a neoadjuvant therapy. In particular the invention relates to a composition comprising hexyl 5-ALA ester (HAL) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in a neoadjuvant therapy for bladder cancer in a bladder cancer patient who is scheduled for a cystectomy, the therapy comprises instilling said composition into the bladder of said patient and exposing the inside of said bladder to light.

A medical device assembly is provided for removable insertion into a catheter with a lumen. The medical device assembly comprises an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) source for providing non-ultraviolet, therapeutic EMR having an intensity sufficient to inactivate one or more infectious agents and/or to stimulate healthy cell growth causing a healing effect, and a removable EMR conduction system at least partially insertable into and removable from the lumen of the catheter. The EMR conduction system has at least one optical element providing axial propagation of the therapeutic EMR through an insertable elongate body. The elongate body may have an exterior surface between a coupling end and a distal end tip that has at least one modified portion permitting the radial emission of therapeutic EMR from the elongate body proximate the modified portion. Such modified portion may be gradient along the exterior surface.

Provided is a region division method for laser treatment, and a laser treatment method and apparatus using the same. The region division method for laser treatment according to the present invention divides an area of an object to be treated by laser irradiation into a plurality of treatment regions and includes constructing a three-dimensional image of the object; using the three-dimensional image to obtain a normal vector for each of a plurality of points located on a surface of the object; dividing the points on the surface of the object into one or more groups based on a similarity between the obtained normal vectors; and generating a closed curve including at least some of points grouped into the same group to set a treatment region.

Systems and techniques disclosed herein include a light therapy mat having a flexible clear portion, a flexible back portion, a flexible middle portion between the clear portion and the back portion, and a plurality of dual light emitting diodes (LEDs) positioned in the middle portion and configured to emit light at a first wavelength and a second wavelength. The first wavelength may be a red light wavelength or a near infrared light wavelength and the second wavelength may be the other one of the red light wavelength or the near infrared light wavelength.

A portable self-contained tooth-whitening device includes a compact housing structured and configured to be held in a fixed position adjacent to a human jaw during use; at least a first array of LEDs disposed in a first plane at a front side of the housing and arranged to deliver blue visible light or near-visible UV light of at least a threshold intensity to substantially all anterior surfaces of anterior maxillary teeth or anterior mandibular teeth of the human jaw, wherein the first array of LEDs forms at least two intersecting arcs, each of which is disposed in the first plane and has its own focal point located outside the device; and at least one battery cell powering the array of LEDs.

A user interface display may have a display and may have a backlight that lights the display. The display may implement pixels to generate colors and images. The display may be backlit. The backlight may use pixels having emitters to generate different color backlighting. In various instances, the display or the backlight or both may include a deep blue emitter. The blue emitter may be used in combination with red and green pixels elements to generate different colors. By implementing deep blue emitters rather than conventional blue (e.g., cyan) emitters, the effects of cyan light on a viewer's circadian rhythm may be limited or eliminated. Moreover, by implementing deep blue emitters, the effects of cyan light on a viewer's circadian rhythm may be varied, while the colors and images are reproduced for viewing without introducing significant color distortion.

A feedback energy-release system and operation method thereof are provided, adapted to provide an energy parameter to an energy-release apparatus for performing a plurality of energy-release operations on a target skin. A feature capturing device captures tissue feature data of the target skin, wherein the tissue feature data captured before and after each energy-release operation are a first and a second tissue feature data, respectively. A control device compares the second tissue feature data with a plurality of reference tissue feature data to obtain at least one suggested energy parameter, determines grades of the tissue feature data of the current energy-release operation and records a grade distribution of the tissue feature data. The control device generates the energy parameter of the next energy-release operation according to a difference between the first and second tissue feature data, the at least one suggested energy parameter and the grade distribution.

Embodiments of a photoarray system are provided. In one embodiment, a photoarray system includes a lixel array comprising a plurality of lixels each supporting one or more radiation sources; a power source associated with the lixel array; and a control system associated with the power source and each of the radiation sources, the control system comprising a master processor-readable medium configured to store at least a portion of data that specifies at least one lixel illumination pattern, the control system further comprising master processing structure configured to regulate use of power individually by each of the radiation sources based on the at least one lixel illumination pattern.