A protection switching method, including sending, by a first end node, a first protection switching request message to an intermediate node in response to a fault occurring on a working trail between the first end node and a second end node, wherein a protection trail of the working trail comprises the first end node, the second end node, and at least one intermediate node, receiving, by the first end node, a second protection switching request message from the intermediate node, and switching service data to the protection trail for transmission in response to receiving the second protection switching request message, where one overhead frame of each of the first and second protection switching request messages has at least two overhead information groups, and each of the at least two overhead information groups comprises a request type field, a request signal identifier field, and a bridge flag field.

A protection path determination method and apparatus based on an elastic optical network are provided. The method includes: searching a virtual working topology for a virtual working link satisfying a condition on receipt of a routing request of a target service; updating a residual bandwidth of the virtual working link if the virtual working link is found; otherwise, creating a working link for the target service and creating a virtual working link in the virtual working topology; searching a virtual protection topology for a virtual protection link satisfying a condition according to a shared path protection mechanism; updating a residual bandwidth of the virtual protection link if the virtual protection link is found; otherwise, creating a protection link for the target service according to the shared path protection mechanism and creating a virtual protection link in the virtual protection topology.

A sequenced transmit muting wideband power amplifier is provided that includes at least one pre-driver stage having at least a first pre-driver and a second pre-driver. A mute switch selectively establishes a communication path between the first and second pre-drivers or couples the second pre-driver to a termination resistor. A pre-driver switch selectively activates/deactivates the first and second pre-drivers. A driver stage is in communication with the pre-driver stage and includes a first driver. A final amplifier stage is in communication with the driver stage and includes at least one second driver. At least one S-NBS switch is configured to selectively activate/deactivate the first driver and second driver. A controller is configured to activate the at least one pre-driver switch, the mute switch, the at least one S-NBS switch to selectively place the amplifier in one of a transmit mode and a mute mode.

A sequenced transmit muting wideband power amplifier is provided that includes at least one pre-driver stage having at least a first pre-driver and a second pre-driver. A mute switch selectively establishes a communication path between the first and second pre-drivers or couples the second pre-driver to a termination resistor. A pre-driver switch selectively activates/deactivates the first and second pre-drivers. A driver stage is in communication with the pre-driver stage and includes a first driver. A final amplifier stage is in communication with the driver stage and includes at least one second driver. At least one S-NBS switch is configured to selectively activate/deactivate the first driver and second driver. A controller is configured to activate the at least one pre-driver switch, the mute switch, the at least one S-NBS switch to selectively place the amplifier in one of a transmit mode and a mute mode.

Approaches for ground-based beamforming for a very high throughput wireless communications system employing an airborne platform that generates a beam pattern via a multi-element antenna are provided. A beamformer includes a number of beamforming processors based on a frequency reuse scheme of the communications system. Each beamforming processor processes only the beam signals that are associated with a respective one of the frequencies of the reuse scheme, and thereby generates a component element signal for each of the elements of the array antenna that is associated with the respective frequency of that processor. Each beamforming processor applies a matrix of complex weights that is configured such that a composition of the component element signals for each antenna element facilitates the transmission of the element signals by the airborne platform to produce the beam pattern.

Approaches for ground-based beamforming for a very high throughput wireless communications system employing an airborne platform that generates a beam pattern via a multi-element antenna are provided. A beamformer includes a number of beamforming processors based on a frequency reuse scheme of the communications system. Each beamforming processor processes only the beam signals that are associated with a respective one of the frequencies of the reuse scheme, and thereby generates a component element signal for each of the elements of the array antenna that is associated with the respective frequency of that processor. Each beamforming processor applies a matrix of complex weights that is configured such that a composition of the component element signals for each antenna element facilitates the transmission of the element signals by the airborne platform to produce the beam pattern.

A digital repeater system for repeating RF signals comprises: a receiving section for receiving an RF input signal, the RF input signal comprising at least one frequency band including a multiplicity of subbands associated with a multiplicity of communication channels; and at least one transmitting section for transmitting the RF output signal. The receiving section is constituted to digitize the RF input signal to obtain a digital input signal and to isolate, within the digital input signal, the multiplicity of subbands from each other to obtain a multiplicity of digital subband signals. The at least one transmitting section is constituted to combine the digital subband signals to obtain a digital output signal and to convert the digital output signal to an RF output signal. In addition, the receiving section comprises a power profile estimation unit for determining a power estimate for each digital subband signal associated with the multiplicity of subbands and a muting device for muting a digital subband signal of a particular subband based on the power estimate. In this way a digital repeater system for repeating RF signals is provided which allows for a detection of unused portions of a frequency band in order to improve the performance of the overall system.

The present invention provides an asynchronous data multiplexing method and device. The method includes the following steps: acquiring status flag, serial number, and data information of each branch data; performing asynchronous data buffering processing on the data information of each branch data according to preset channel transmission bit-serial number to obtain buffered data of each branch; then determining each branch data according to the status flag, if the status flag is valid identification information, a flag bit corresponding to a frame header is set according to the valid identification information, and the buffered data of the current branch data is added to a corresponding position of the data part by bit; and if the status flag is invalid identification information, the flag bit corresponding to the frame header is kept unchanged.

The present invention provides an asynchronous data multiplexing method and device. The method includes the following steps: acquiring status flag, serial number, and data information of each branch data; performing asynchronous data buffering processing on the data information of each branch data according to preset channel transmission bit-serial number to obtain buffered data of each branch; then determining each branch data according to the status flag, if the status flag is valid identification information, a flag bit corresponding to a frame header is set according to the valid identification information, and the buffered data of the current branch data is added to a corresponding position of the data part by bit; and if the status flag is invalid identification information, the flag bit corresponding to the frame header is kept unchanged.

A network device in a RPR network receives a RPR flooding data packet sent by another network device in the RPR network, determines whether a next-hop network device of the RPR flooding data packet is a source network device sending the RPR flooding data packet, and strips the RPR flooding data packet when determining that the next-hop network device of the RPR flooding data packet is the source network device sending the RPR flooding data packet.