A transmission includes an input shaft coupled to a prime mover, a countershaft, main shaft, and an output shaft, with gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. A shift actuator selectively couples the input shaft to the main shaft by rotatably coupling gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. The shift actuator is mounted on an exterior wall of a housing including the countershaft and the main shaft. A controller controls the shift actuator utilizing an actuating pulse and an opposing pulse.

A transmission includes an input shaft coupled to a prime mover, a countershaft, main shaft, and an output shaft, with gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. The shift actuator is mounted on an exterior wall of a housing including the countershaft and the main shaft. A shift control circuit operates a shift actuator using a first opposing pulse command and a first actuating pulse command, and releases pressure with shift actuating and opposing volumes of the shift actuator upon determining a shift completion event.

The present invention decides a reference timer for synchronizing time in consideration of an indicator which indicates a length of a transmission path. A timer decision means for deciding a reference timer out of timers having a plurality of transfer apparatuses acquires, for each of the plurality of transfer apparatuses, a path indicator which indicates a length of a path on a network through which data passes from the transfer apparatus to an end apparatus, and decides a reference timer out of timers of one or more transfer apparatuses having the path indicator which indicates that a path to the end apparatus has a predetermined length out of the plurality of transfer apparatuses.

A transmission includes an input shaft coupled to a prime mover, a countershaft, main shaft, and an output shaft, with gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. A shift actuator selectively couples the input shaft to the main shaft by rotatably coupling gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. The shift actuator is mounted on an exterior wall of a housing including the countershaft and the main shaft. A controller controls the shift actuator utilizing an actuating pulse and an opposing pulse.

A transmission includes an input shaft coupled to a prime mover, a countershaft, main shaft, and an output shaft, with gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. A shift actuator selectively couples the input shaft to the main shaft by rotatably coupling gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. The shift actuator is mounted on an exterior wall of a housing including the countershaft and the main shaft. A controller controls the shift actuator utilizing an actuating pulse and an opposing pulse.

A clock source determining method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes: A session management network element receives a session request from a mobility management network element. The session request includes information about a network slice and a DNN, and the session request is used to request to create a session. The session management network element determines clock source information corresponding to both the information about the network slice and the DNN. The session management network element sends the clock source information to an access network device. The clock source information is used by the access network device to perform clock synchronization with a terminal device.

Example message transmission methods and apparatus are provided. One example method includes obtaining a first correspondence by a core network device, where the first correspondence includes a correspondence between target device information and first time sensitive networking (TSN) domain information. The target device information is used to identify a target device, and the first TSN domain information is used to identify a TSN domain to which a first TSN device belongs. The core network device receives a multicast message from a second TSN device, where the multicast message includes second TSN domain information which is used to identify a TSN domain to which the second TSN device belongs. The core network device sends the multicast message to the target device when determining, based on the second TSN domain information and the first correspondence, that the second TSN device and the first TSN device belong to a same TSN domain.

A transmission includes an input shaft that couples to a prime mover, twin countershafts and a main shaft having gears coupled thereon, an output shaft that selectively provides a torque output to a driveline, a first shift actuator that selectively couples the input shaft to the main shaft. The transmission includes a second shift actuator that couples the main shaft to the output shaft with a selected reduction ratio, and a controller including a vehicle state circuit that interprets at least one vehicle operating condition, and a neutral enforcement circuit that provides a first neutral command to the first shift actuator and a second neutral command to the second shift actuator, in response to the at least one vehicle operating condition indicating that vehicle motion is not intended.

An operating method of a base station supporting time synchronization of a terminal in a wireless communication system is provided. The operating method includes obtaining, with respect to the terminal connected to the base station, a synchronization indicator indicating whether the terminal requests time synchronization, obtaining, from an application function (AF) or a network exposure function (NEF), a synchronization accuracy required for the time synchronization of the terminal, and activating or deactivating a time synchronization function, based on the synchronization indicator and the synchronization accuracy.

A transmission includes an input shaft coupled to a prime mover, a countershaft, main shaft, and an output shaft, with gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. The shift actuator is mounted on an exterior wall of a housing including the countershaft and the main shaft. A shift control circuit operates a shift actuator using a first opposing pulse command and a first actuating pulse command, and releases pressure with shift actuating and opposing volumes of the shift actuator upon determining a shift completion event.