The present disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system to be provided for supporting a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G communication system such as LTE. The method according to the present disclosure is a time synchronization method for transmitting time sensitive networking (TSN) data in a session management function (SMF) device of a mobile communication system, and may comprise a step of determining a time interval for updating time sensitive communications assistance information (TSCAI), and providing the determined time interval to respective nodes of the mobile communication system.

A method performed by a UE (10) for evaluating validity of a radio link, wherein the UE (10) is operating in a wireless communication network, and wherein the UE (10) receives a signal on the radio link. The UE (10) determines (401) that the received signal comprises a time synchronization message and a security extension associated with the time synchronization message. The UE (10) further determines (402) that the radio link is valid if a security mechanism related to the security extension indicates that the time synchronization message is valid. The UE (10) further determines (403) that the radio link is non-valid if the security mechanism related to the security extension indicates that the time synchronization message is non-valid.

A method for synchronizing a distributed application includes: transmitting, by an application backend, application data packets to an application frontend; transmitting, by the application backend, a synchronization request packet to the application frontend; retrieving, by the application backend, a backend timestamp from a server clock; retrieving, by the application frontend, a frontend timestamp from a terminal device clock and transmitting the retrieved frontend timestamp to the application backend; calculating, by the application backend, a time offset of the frontend timestamp from the retrieved backend timestamp and using the calculated time offset for synchronization; detecting, by a scheduler, an actual state of a communication connection and transmitting control data to the application backend; and adapting, by the application backend, transmission of synchronization request packets based on the control data indicating jitter of the synchronization request packets preventing the distributed application from being executed synchronously.

Architectures and techniques are presented that improve or optimize (e.g., within a factor of optimal) spare equipment allocation. Efficient spare equipment allocation is capable of satisfying many orthogonal or even conflicting goals such as reducing the cost of purchase and storage of the spare equipment while simultaneously seeking to reduce downtime due to failed equipment resulting from too sparse coverage by the spare equipment. A sparing procedure can identify depot nodes that are indicative of depot locations where a spare device is to be stored.

A method implemented in a network element includes, for a service, receiving a Segment Identifier (SID) list and an explicit list for an intended path in a Segment Routing network; expanding the SID list and comparing the expanded SID list to the explicit list; and setting the intended path as either valid or invalid based on the comparing. The intended path can be a primary path, and the steps can further include receiving a SID list and an explicit list for a backup path in the Segment Routing network. The steps can further include switching to the backup path responsive to a failure on the primary path, and switching back to the primary path responsive to it being valid.

Provided are a clock synchronization method, system and device, and a storage medium. The method includes that: in a case where a Precision Time Protocol (PTP) message is received, attribute information of a PTP port is determined according to the PTP port of the received PTP message, wherein the attribute information includes at least one of the following: clock node configuration type, high-precision mode or non-high-precision mode, non-high-precision ingress correction field (cf) modification mark or non-high-precision egress cf modification mark, and asymmetric compensation value; and clock synchronization is performed on the PTP message according to the attribute information of the PTP port.

Systems, methods, and storage media for detecting a security intrusion of a network device are disclosed. Exemplary implementations may include a method involving, in the network device including a processor, monitor a light signal associated with a security enabled port of the network device; and in response to detecting a change in the light signal, initiate a security alert.

Systems, methods, and storage media for detecting a security intrusion of a network device are disclosed. Exemplary implementations may include a method involving, in the network device including a processor, monitor a light signal associated with a security enabled port of the network device; and in response to detecting a change in the light signal, initiate a security alert.

An internal time of a data server is compared against respective times of each of a plurality of devices of a network. The network may require tight time synchronization. The data server utilizes a plurality of high-performance oscillators to maintain the internal time. The data server analyzes the compared times to detect that a time maintained by another device of the network has drifted more than a threshold. An ameliorative action is executed in response to detecting that the time maintained by the another device has drifted more than the threshold.

The techniques disclosed herein enable systems to perform ordered reconvergence operations following a change to a topology of a communications network. To perform ordered reconvergence, a system detects a change to network topology such as a link failure or node addition. In response, the system determines a global delay based on a maximum distance between two nodes within the network, a local delay for each node within the network, and an ordered delay for each node based on the global delay and the local delay. Upon detecting that the ordered delay for a node has elapsed, the system can then update a routing table for the node. After updating routing tables for every node, the system can route data in the changed network topology using the updated routing tables.